**Background:** Centrifugal spinning is a nanofiber fabrication technique that uses centrifugal force to eject polymer solutions or melts from a rotating spinneret, forming fibers that are collected on a substrate. Compared to electrospinning, it offers higher production rates, does not require high voltage or conductive solutions, and can produce fibers with diverse morphologies (beaded, smooth, aligned). This review focuses on the application of centrifugally spun fibers in tissue engineering, including scaffolds, wound dressings, artificial extracellular matrices (ECM), and cosmetics. The paper covers the mechanism, key processing parameters, fiber characteristics, and recent advances in using synthetic, biodegradable, hybrid, and copolymer polymers.
**Methods:** The authors conducted a narrative review of the literature on centrifugal spinning, summarizing findings from multiple studies. They describe the mechanism of jet formation (initiation, stretching, solvent evaporation) and discuss factors affecting fiber preparation: polymer solution parameters (concentration, molecular weight, viscosity, surface tension), machine parameters (rotational speed, flow rate, nozzle geometry, collector type, airfoil), and ambient parameters (temperature, humidity). The review also tabulates polymers used (e.g., PLA, PCL, PVP, chitosan, PVA, PHBV) with their solvents, molecular weights, rotational speeds, average diameters, and applications. Fiber characteristics such as homogeneity, bead formation, alignment, diameter control, and porosity are analyzed in relation to these parameters.
**Key Results:** The paper reports that fiber diameter can be tuned from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. For example, PLA fibers spun at 4000–12,000 rpm had diameters of 1143, 468, and 424 nm, respectively. PCL fibers spun at 30,000 rpm from HFIP solution had diameters around 220 ± 98 nm. Bead formation is minimized by increasing polymer concentration, viscosity, and rotational speed; for instance, rPET fibers at concentrations above 10 wt% were bead-free. Fiber alignment is improved with higher rotational speeds and the use of rotating drum collectors; the orientation order parameter (OOP) ranges from 0 (random) to 1 (perfectly aligned). Porosity can reach 60–90% in scaffolds, with pore areas between 2 and 2561 μm² sufficient for cell migration. In tissue engineering applications, PDLLA scaffolds showed over 80% cell viability, and PCL/gelatin aligned fibers promoted cell alignment and proliferation. Wound dressings using chitosan/TA/AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, and PHB/SOJ scaffolds showed up to 152% antibacterial activity. Artificial ECM scaffolds with 94–96% porosity supported keratocyte phenotype preservation. Cosmetic applications include vitamin E release from PEO/gum fibers, with a burst release of ~72% in the first 15 minutes.
**Clinical Implications:** Centrifugally spun nanofiber scaffolds offer tunable mechanical properties, high porosity, and the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix, making them promising for tissue regeneration (bone, neural, skin, heart valve). The technique enables large-scale production of biocompatible fibers with controlled alignment and diameter, which can enhance cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Challenges include achieving homogeneous nanoparticle distribution, reproducible fiber quality, and maintaining fiber alignment. Future directions include developing automated systems for constant flow rate, exploring copolymer blends, and incorporating growth factors for enhanced bioactivity.