**Background:** Peptic ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by chronic ulcers in the stomach and duodenal bulb, driven by gastric acid and pepsin. Its incidence is increasing, particularly in the elderly, and the disease often follows a prolonged course with recurrent episodes. Standardized perioperative nursing management is proposed as a holistic, patient-centered model incorporating psychological, spiritual, and emotional care to address the limitations of drug therapy alone. This study aimed to evaluate whether standardized perioperative nursing management can eliminate clinical unsafe factors and promote recovery in peptic ulcer patients undergoing surgical management.
**Methods:** A total of 90 patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease at Wuhan Wuchang Hospital between July 2020 and July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an observation group (n=45) receiving standardized perioperative nursing management and a control group (n=45) receiving routine nursing care. The standardized management included: (1) a standard management system led by the digestive department head nurse with a nursing quality control group; (2) standardized nursing at initial admission including educational videos, printed health guides, and personal assessment scales; (3) standardized preoperative and intraoperative care addressing anxiety, informed consent, patient identification, and procedural documentation; and (4) standardized postoperative care with vital sign monitoring, dietary management, and nursing quality evaluation forms. Outcomes assessed over a 3-month follow-up included clinical symptom improvement (loss of appetite, abdominal distension, abdominal pain), recurrence rate, anxiety via the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), depression via the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and disease management capacity using a self-management capacity scale. Statistical analysis used SPSS 21.0 with chi-square tests for categorical data and t-tests/ANOVA for continuous data, with P<.05 considered significant.
**Key Results:** Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (P>.05). The observation group showed significantly higher clinical symptom improvement rates: loss of appetite 97.78% vs 86.67% (P=.049), abdominal distension 97.78% vs 84.44% (P=.026), and abdominal pain 95.56% vs 82.22% (P=.044). The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the observation group (2.22% vs 15.56%, P=.026). After nursing intervention, SAS scores were significantly lower in the observation group (46.73±6.41 vs 53.14±6.75, P<.001) and SDS scores were also significantly lower (43.79±6.74 vs 54.16±6.28, P<.001). Disease management capacity scores were significantly higher in the observation group for taking medication as directed (43.03±4.86 vs 39.65±4.71, P=.011), self-monitoring (42.10±5.27 vs 38.85±5.16, P<.001), and cooperating with disease treatment (40.59±4.67 vs 37.41±4.53, P=.002).
**Clinical Implications:** Standardized perioperative nursing management significantly improves clinical outcomes in peptic ulcer patients by reducing symptom recurrence, alleviating anxiety and depression, and enhancing disease self-management capacity. The structured approach—spanning pre-admission education, perioperative psychological support, and postoperative monitoring—addresses both physical and psychological needs. The authors recommend continued follow-up after discharge, maintenance drug treatment for 1-2 years, and eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent ulcer recurrence. The findings support broader implementation of standardized perioperative nursing protocols in peptic ulcer disease management.