**Background:** Aging is characterized by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases. With over 2 billion individuals expected to be over 60 by 2050, antiaging research has become a critical field. This review uses the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of antiaging strategies and treatments, covering historical milestones, current approaches, and future perspectives.
**Methods:** The authors analyzed data from the CAS Content Collection, the largest human-compiled collection of published scientific information, to examine trends in journal articles and patents related to antiaging strategies. They assessed correlations between antiaging strategies and hallmarks of aging, age-related diseases, and clinical trial pipelines. The review also summarizes well-known and novel antiaging agents, including natural compounds and synthetic drugs.
**Key Results:** The CAS Content Collection contains over 500,000 scientific publications related to aging physiology and antiaging strategies, with steady growth especially intense in the past decade. Authors from China, the United States, Japan, and South Korea published the highest number of documents. Physical exercise and metabolic manipulation (e.g., mTOR inhibition) are the most studied strategies, while parabiosis (blood exchange) and prebiotic/probiotic interventions show the fastest recent growth. The review highlights several antiaging strategies: parabiosis, metabolic manipulation (rapamycin), senotherapy (senolytics like dasatinib and quercetin), cellular reprogramming (Yamanaka factors), telomere reactivation (TA-65), hormesis, hormonal replacement, prebiotic/probiotics and fecal transplantation, caloric restriction/intermittent fasting, physical exercise, stem cell therapy, dietary supplementation, autophagy enhancement, and brain antiaging strategies. Key antiaging drugs discussed include rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor), metformin (AMPK activator), resveratrol (SIRT activator), spermidine, aspirin, acarbose, senolytics (quercetin, dasatinib, fisetin), telomerase activators (TA-65), epigenetic drugs (5-azacytidine, histone deacetylase inhibitors), and antioxidants (vitamins E and C, curcumin, melatonin, β-carotene, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, glutathione). Clinical trials are reviewed across strategies: mTOR inhibition (e.g., rapamycin for geographic atrophy showed no benefit), senotherapy (dasatinib/quercetin for Alzheimer's disease), hormonal replacement (testosterone trials showed increased sexual function and bone density), gut microbiota modulation (prebiotics improved immune biomarkers), caloric restriction (reduced inflammatory markers), physical exercise (improved gait and balance), stem cell therapy (mesenchymal stem cells improved frailty and Alzheimer's biomarkers), and dietary supplementation (blueberry extract improved episodic memory).
**Clinical Implications:** The review emphasizes that antiaging research is shifting from merely extending lifespan to promoting healthy aging and healthspan. While many interventions show promise in animal models and early clinical trials, no existing antiaging remedy has been convincingly shown to markedly slow aging or increase longevity in humans. Major roadblocks include the complexity of aging, heterogeneity among individuals, regulatory challenges, and cost. The authors conclude that focusing on prevention and a multidisciplinary approach—combining lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and regenerative medicine—may lead to future successes in achieving healthy aging.