A Review of the Host Plant Location and Recognition Mechanisms of Asian Longhorn Beetle

Insects · 3 authors, 1 centre

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes 209 host plant species damaged by the Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), 143 identified olfactory protein genes, and evidence that host kairomones bind preferentially to beetle odorant-binding proteins.

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832 CHARS

This narrative review synthesizes existing literature on host plant location and recognition mechanisms of Anoplophora glabripennis (ALB), a destructive invasive xylophagous pest. The authors compiled a comprehensive host plant list of 209 species (cultivars), of which 101 are classified as higher sensitivity. A total of 143 olfactory protein genes have been identified, and host kairomones—including cis-3-hexen-1-ol, δ-3-carene, nonanal, linalool, and β-caryophyllene—were preferentially bound to recombinant odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). Microbial symbionts may assist ALB in degrading host plant tissue. Molecular evidence indicates that blue-light-detecting opsins were lost approximately 300 million years ago in beetle lineages including ALB. A bark-mimicking green color enhanced adult response to host plant odor cues.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

SPECIALTY

agriculture

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10054519

A Review of the Host Plant Location and Recognition Mechanisms of Asian Longhorn Beetle

Insects

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ABSTRACT

Simple Summary The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky, is a destructive pest in its native habitat and one of the most serious invasive alien species in North America and Europe, causing substantial economic and ecological losses. In order to explore effective monitoring and management strategies, we summarize and create a comprehensive list of host plants, including 209 species (cultivars) that have been damaged by ALBs. Thus far, 143 olfactory protein genes have been found in ALBs. Host kairomones were preferentially bound to ALB recombinant odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), but the function of most OBPs is still unclear. Microbial communities may help ALBs degrade host plants. We analyzed the trapping effect of combined host kairomones and sex pheromones and found that trapping numbers are limited in the field. Therefore, we discussed host plant location behavioral processes from new perspectives and found that multiple cues are used to locate and recognize host plants. Overall, we suggest that further research should contribute to understanding the host resistance mechanism, microbial community influence mechanism, and visual cue recognition mechanism of host plants. This research may provide effective monitoring and management strategies for ALBs. Abstract The Asian longhorn beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky, is a polyphagous xylophage with dozens of reported host tree species. However, the mechanisms by which individuals locate and recognize host plants are still unknown. We summarize the current knowledge of the host plant list, host kairomones, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) and microbial symbionts of this beetle and their practical applications, and finally discuss the host localization and recognition mechanisms. A total of 209 species (or cultivars) were reported as ALB host plants, including 101 species of higher sensitivity; host kairomones were preferentially bound to ALB recombinant OBPs, including cis -3-hexen-1-ol, δ -3-carene, nonanal, linalool, and β -caryophyllene. In addition, microbial symbionts may help ALB degrade their host. Complementarity of tree species with different levels of resistance may reduce damage, but trapping effectiveness for adults was limited using a combination of host kairomones and sex pheromones in the field. Therefore, we discuss host location behavior from a new perspective and show that multiple cues are used by ALB to locate and recognize host plants. Further research into host resistance mechanisms and visual signal recognition, and the interaction of sex pheromone synthesis, symbiont microbiota, and host plants may help reveal the host recognition mechanisms of ALBs.

CITATION EXPORT

Fei Lyu, Xiaoxia Hai, Zhigang Wang. A Review of the Host Plant Location and Recognition Mechanisms of Asian Longhorn Beetle. Insects. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14030292

AUTHORS

3 · 1 CENTRES

Fei Lyu, Xiaoxia Hai, Zhigang Wang

Key Laboratories for Germplasm Resources of Forest Trees and Forest Protection of Hebei Province, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Daniel Carrillo, Nurhayat Tabanca