Acute effects of mental recovery strategies in simulated air rifle competitions

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · 5 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

In a randomized counterbalanced crossover study of 22 development air rifle athletes, mental and physical fatigue increased significantly across two simulated competition bouts, with no significant group-level effects of powernap or systematic breathing on shooting performance or fatigue measures.

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Twenty-two development air rifle athletes participated in a randomized counterbalanced crossover study evaluating two consecutive simulated competition bouts. The only group-level intervention effect was a significant increase in Overall Recovery when systematic breathing was applied (p < .05). Authors conclude that mental and physical fatigue accumulate during simulated competition, that mental fatigue appears partially distinct from physical fatigue, and that individual responses to mental recovery strategies warrant further applied study.

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RCT

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preclinical research

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10225516

Acute effects of mental recovery strategies in simulated air rifle competitions

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to assess the perception and change of mental and physical fatigue and to examine acute effects of mental recovery strategies in air rifle athletes across simulated competition days with two consecutive competition bouts. Design We conducted a randomized counterbalanced crossover study. Method 22 development air rifle athletes (M age = 17.77 ± 4.0) of a regional squad participate in the study. The Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS), perception of mental fatigue, physical fatigue, concentration and motivation as well as differential Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were used to assess recovery-stress states and fatigue states. During a recovery break, participants underwent two mental recovery strategies (powernap, systematic breathing) or a control condition. Total shooting scores were recorded for both competition bouts. Results Study results revealed a significant increase of post ratings for mental ( p < .001) and physical fatigue ( p < .001) for both competition bouts. The correlation coefficient between change in mental and physical fatigue for both competitions revealed a shared variance of 7.9% and 18.6%, respectively. No significant group-based acute effects of the use of mental recovery strategies on shooting performance, and psychological and perceptual measures were found. On an individual level, results illustrated statistical relevant improvements of shooting performance after powernapping or systematic breathing. Conclusion Mental and physical fatigue increased and accumulated across a simulated air rifle competition and mental fatigue emerged as a separate construct from physical fatigue. The use of strategies to accelerate mental recovery on an individual level (e.g., powernap, systematic breathing) may be a first step to manage a state of mental fatigue, but further studies on mental recovery strategies in an applied setting are needed. Keywords: fatigue, psychological, performance, rest, mental break

CITATION EXPORT

Fabian Loch, Alexander Ferrauti, Tim Meyer et al.. Acute effects of mental recovery strategies in simulated air rifle competitions. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1087995

AUTHORS

5 · 5 CENTRES

Fabian Loch, Alexander Ferrauti, Tim Meyer, Mark Pfeiffer, Michael Kellmann

1Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
2Department of Training and Exercise Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
3Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
4Department of Theory and Practice of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, Mainz, Germany
5School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia