International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 3 authors, 1 centre
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The central result is that while nanoparticles show promise in preclinical and in vitro studies for improving drug delivery and inhibiting amyloid aggregation, significant challenges remain, and no clinical studies in humans have been conducted yet.
This narrative review discusses the potential of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). It describes various nanoparticle (NP) types, such as nanoliposomes and metallic NPs, that have been developed to improve drug solubility, targeting, and release efficacy. The review highlights that NPs can cross the BBB through mechanisms like receptor-mediated transcytosis, but notes that only about 5% of medications typically reach the brain. Limitations include the potential cytotoxicity of nanomaterials and the lack of human clinical trials. The implications suggest that NP-based DDSs are a promising therapeutic avenue, but future research must prioritize safety, targetability, and translational studies.
