Frontiers in Endocrinology · 2 authors, 4 centres
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This narrative review examines how orally administered medications alter gut microbiome composition and metabolites, leading to immune-mediated effects on bone mineralization and osteoporosis risk. It identifies probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation as promising but unproven therapeutic strategies.
The authors describe a mechanism whereby perturbations in microbial diversity alter gut permeability and systemic metabolite release, leading to immune cell activation that impacts bone mineralization and bone mineral density. The review evaluates how both antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial orally administered drugs can exacerbate or, in some cases, treat osteoporosis by disrupting microbiome diversity, physiology, and signaling. Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are discussed as potential approaches.
