Altered interaction of physiological activity and behavior affects risky decision-making in ADHD

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · 10 authors, 4 centres

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It found that ADHD participants showed higher anticipatory emotional arousal, but the relationship between that arousal and risky decision-making behavior was altered compared to controls.

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The study investigated the link between affective pathways and risky decision-making in adult ADHD. Results indicated higher anticipatory and feedback-related emotional arousal in the ADHD group. The authors conclude there is an altered, possibly missing, interconnection between bodily response and behavior in adult ADHD during risky decisions. Limitations include the laboratory setting's reflection of daily behavior, potential medication effects, and the need for future research on age and gender.

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cohort

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psychiatry

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10157058

Altered interaction of physiological activity and behavior affects risky decision-making in ADHD

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with risky decision-making behavior. However, current research studies are often limited by the ability to adequately reflect daily behavior in a laboratory setting. Over the lifespan impairments in cognitive functions appear to improve, whereas affective functions become more severe. We assume that risk behavior in ADHD arises predominantly from deficits in affective processes. This study will therefore aim to investigate whether a dysfunction in affective pathways causes an abnormal risky decision-making (DM) behavior in adult ADHD. Methods Twenty-eight participants with ADHD and twenty-eight healthy controls completed a battery of questionnaires regarding clinical symptoms, self-assessment of behavior and emotional competence. Furthermore, skin conductance responses were measured during the performance in a modified version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. A linear mixed-effects model analysis was used to analyze emotional arousal prior to a decision and after feedback display. Results Results showed higher emotional arousal in ADHD participants before decision-making (β = −0.12, SE = 0.05, t = −2.63, p < 0.001) and after feedback display (β = −0.14, SE = 0.05, t = −2.66, p = 0.008). Although risky behavior was greater in HC than in ADHD, we found a significant interaction effect of group and anticipatory skin conductance responses regarding the response behavior (β = 107.17, SE = 41.91, t = 2.56, p = 0.011). Post hoc analyses revealed a positive correlation between anticipatory skin conductance responses and reaction time in HC, whereas this correlation was negative in ADHD. Self-assessment results were in line with the objective measurements. Conclusion We found altered changes in physiological activity during a risky decision-making task. The results confirm the assumption of an aberrant relationship between bodily response and risky behavior in adult ADHD. However, further research is needed with respect to age and gender when considering physiological activities. Keywords: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, risky decision-making behavior, skin conductance response (SCR), autonomic nervous system, physiological activity, affective functions, emotional arousal, balloon analogue risk task (BART)

CITATION EXPORT

Eva Halbe, Fabian Kolf, Alina Sophie Heger et al.. Altered interaction of physiological activity and behavior affects risky decision-making in ADHD. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1147329

AUTHORS

10 · 4 CENTRES

Eva Halbe, Fabian Kolf, Alina Sophie Heger, Philippa Hüpen, Moritz Bergmann, Behrem Aslan, Ben J Harrison, Christopher G Davey, Alexandra Philipsen, Silke Lux

1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
2Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
3JARA–Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
4Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia