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case_report·internal medicine, infectious disease, pulmonology, hematology·PMC10129196

An Indonesian male with HIV/AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis, and deep vein thrombosis: a case report and literature review

Annals of Medicine and Surgery · 2 authors, 1 centre

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The patient's condition improved after receiving anticoagulant therapy with fondaparinux and warfarin.

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The patient was treated with fondaparinux and warfarin, leading to improvement in swelling and leg pain. The report discusses potential mechanisms for VTE in HIV, including low CD4 counts and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which can induce anticardiolipin antibodies and hypercoagulability. The implications suggest that DVT, while rare, is a possible complication in patients with concurrent HIV and TB, and standard anticoagulant therapy can be effective.

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case_report

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internal medicine

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10129196

An Indonesian male with HIV/AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis, and deep vein thrombosis: a case report and literature review

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

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ABSTRACT

Introduction and Importance: HIV/AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the simultaneous occurrence of HIV/AIDS, pulmonary TB, and DVT is rare. Case Presentation: An Indonesian male, 30 years old, complained of pain, erythema, tenderness, and swelling in the left leg for 1 month, weight loss, and night sweats. The patient had been diagnosed with AIDS, a new case of pulmonary TB and TB lymphadenitis on therapy. Left inferior extremity vascular Doppler ultrasound showed partial DVT in the common femoral vein, superficial femoral to left popliteal vein. He received fondaparinux and warfarin therapy, and swelling and leg pain improved. Clinical Discussion: Although patients with HIV have a risk for venous thromboembolism, the occurrence mechanism of this phenomenon is still uncertain. Some factors affecting venous thromboembolism in HIV are low CD4 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , which can induce anticardiolipin antibodies and hypercoagulation conditions. Conclusion: The patient diagnosed with DVT, a rare complication in HIV and pulmonary TB, is reported. This patient is getting better after using fondaparinux and Warfarin. Keywords: deep vein thrombosis, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis

CITATION EXPORT

Diah RR Dini, Musofa Rusli. An Indonesian male with HIV/AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis, and deep vein thrombosis: a case report and literature review. Annals of Medicine and Surgery. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000324

AUTHORS

2 · 1 CENTRES

Diah RR Dini, Musofa Rusli

1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia