SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALepidemiology, public health

cross-sectional·epidemiology, public health, pulmonology, immunology, nutrition·PMC10033744

An updated prevalence of asthma, its phenotypes, and the identification of the potential asthma risk factors among young Chinese adults recruited in Singapore

The World Allergy Organization Journal · 7 authors, 1 centre

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TL;DR

This cross-sectional study of 10,736 young Chinese adults in Singapore found a lifetime asthma prevalence of 19.1% and a current asthma prevalence of 6.3%.

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This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 10,736 young Chinese adults in Singapore to estimate asthma prevalence and identify risk factors using ISAAC guidelines. The estimated lifetime asthma prevalence was 19.1% and current asthma prevalence was 6.3%, which the authors note is higher than previous local estimates. Risk factor analysis revealed that parental history of asthma was the strongest factor for lifetime asthma, with significant associations also found for specific dietary intakes and television/computer usage.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

epidemiology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10033744

An updated prevalence of asthma, its phenotypes, and the identification of the potential asthma risk factors among young Chinese adults recruited in Singapore

The World Allergy Organization Journal

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway characterized by respiratory symptoms: wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Globally, asthma affects over 300 million individuals and carries high morbidity and mortality burden. Previous studies have estimated the prevalence of asthma; however, prevalence estimates have been changing over time. Here, in a population of young Chinese adults from Singapore, we aimed to obtain an updated prevalence of asthma and its phenotypes, and identify potential associated risk factors. Methods The Singapore/Malaysia Cross-Sectional Genetics Epidemiology Study (SMCGES) is an ongoing study which uses established ISAAC guidelines to collect epidemiological data and information pertaining to allergic diseases such as asthma. Responses from young Chinese adults recruited in the National University of Singapore were analyzed. Results Lifetime asthma prevalence rate was estimated at 19.1% (2049/10,736), while current asthma prevalence rate was estimated at 6.3% (679/10,736). For ever asthma, the most important risk factor was a parental history of asthma. Increased consumption of pulses (aOR: 0.822, 95% CI: 0.706–0.958) was associated with a lowered odds of ever asthma, but cereals (aOR: 1.256, 95% CI: 1.006–1.580), pasta (aOR: 1.265, 95% CI: 1.027–1.553), butter (aOR: 1.350, 95% CI: 1.113–1.632), and margarine (aOR: 1.343, 95% CI: 1.081–1.660) were associated with a higher risk of ever asthma. Increased television/computer usage was associated with a decreased risk of ever asthma (aOR: 0.448, 95% CI: 0.367–0.545). Conversely, genetic factors had a lower strength of effect on current asthma (parental history of asthma - OR: 1.465, 95% CI: 1.135–1.888) as compared to ever asthma. Only increased potato consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of current asthma (most or all days per week vs never or only occasionally - aOR: 1.577, 95% CI: 1.145–2.180). Physical activity (aOR: 0.693, 95% CI: 0.542–0.885) was associated with a lower odds of asthma, while second-hand smoke exposure was associated with an increased risk for current asthma (aOR: 1.435, 95% CI: 1.001–2.047). Conclusion Overall, the prevalence of lifetime asthma and current asthma among young Chinese adults was 19.1% and 6.3%, higher than that of previous studies. Our results suggested a stronger association between genetic factors and ever asthma as compared to current asthma. Parental asthma was the most important intrinsic epidemiological factor for asthma manifestation, while various foods, physical activity levels, and television or computer usage were also significantly associated with asthma. Future studies should consider risk factors in conjunction with other accompanying variables given the potential interactions between them, to discern the effects of environment and lifestyle on asthma more distinctly. Keywords: Asthma, Epidemiology, ISAAC, Prevalence, Risk factors

CITATION EXPORT

Qi Yi Ambrose Wong, Jun Jie Lim, Jun Yan Ng et al.. An updated prevalence of asthma, its phenotypes, and the identification of the potential asthma risk factors among young Chinese adults recruited in Singapore. The World Allergy Organization Journal. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100757

AUTHORS

7 · 1 CENTRES

Qi Yi Ambrose Wong, Jun Jie Lim, Jun Yan Ng, Praneeth Malipeddi, Yi Ying Eliza Lim, Yang Yie Sio, Fook Tim Chew

aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore