Anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria: tool for bioremediation of hazardous environmental pollutants

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology · 3 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review examines the metabolic versatility of anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) for bioremediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants. The central finding is that certain PNSB strains, especially Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas palustris, demonstrate efficient removal of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead, as well as degradation of some organic xenobiotics, though the full bioremediation potential of PNSB remains largely unexplored.

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This narrative review synthesizes published literature on the bioremediation capabilities of anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB), which are metabolically versatile microorganisms capable of photoautotrophic, photoheterotrophic, chemolithoautotrophic, and chemoorganotrophic growth. Specific PNSB strains, notably Rb. sphaeroides and R. palustris, showed effective removal of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and organic compounds including PAHs and substituted aromatics. The authors emphasize the need for extensive research, including omics approaches and coupling with photocatalytic systems, to advance PNSB-based bioremediation.

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narrative_review

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preclinical research

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10439078

Anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria: tool for bioremediation of hazardous environmental pollutants

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology

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ABSTRACT

The extraordinary metabolic flexibility of anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) has been exploited in the development of various biotechnological applications, such as wastewater treatment, biohydrogen production, improvement of soil fertility and plant growth, and recovery of high-value compounds. These versatile microorganisms can also be employed for the efficient bioremediation of hazardous inorganic and organic pollutants from contaminated environments. Certain members of PNSB, especially strains of Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas palustris , exhibit efficient remediation of several toxic and carcinogenic heavy metals and metalloids, such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead. PNSB are also known to utilize diverse biomass-derived lignocellulosic organic compounds and xenobiotics. Although biodegradation of some substituted aromatic compounds by PNSB has been established, available information on the involvement of PNSB in the biodegradation of toxic organic pollutants is limited. In this review, we present advancements in the field of PNSB-based bioremediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Furthermore, we highlight that the potential role of PNSB as a promising bioremediation tool remains largely unexplored. Thus, this review emphasizes the necessity of investing extensive research efforts in the development of PNSB-based bioremediation technology.

CITATION EXPORT

Kartik Dhar, Kadiyala Venkateswarlu, Mallavarapu Megharaj. Anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria: tool for bioremediation of hazardous environmental pollutants. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03729-7

AUTHORS

3 · 4 CENTRES

Kartik Dhar, Kadiyala Venkateswarlu, Mallavarapu Megharaj

1grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XGlobal Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
2grid.413089.70000 0000 9744 3393Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331 Bangladesh
3grid.412731.20000 0000 9821 2722Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh 515003 India
4grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XCooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia