SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWgastroenterology, neurology

narrative_review·gastroenterology, neurology, immunology, preclinical research, biomedical research·PMC10371400

Anti-inflammatory strategies for hepatic encephalopathy: preclinical studies

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · 3 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

The central finding is that modulating the inflammatory response can reduce cognitive and motor impairments, supporting neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target.

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It focuses on the therapeutic potential of anti-inflammatory strategies, noting that the current standard of care targeting ammonia has limited efficacy and tolerability. The authors highlight that various drugs, including some FDA-approved for other conditions, demonstrate neuroprotective effects in these models, reducing cognitive decline, motor impairments, and affective symptoms.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

SPECIALTY

gastroenterology

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10371400

Anti-inflammatory strategies for hepatic encephalopathy: preclinical studies

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a potentially reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome. Often, HE causes cognitive and motor dysfunctions due to an acute or chronic insufficiency of the liver or a shunting between the hepatic portal vein and systemic vasculature. Liver damage induces peripheral changes, such as in the metabolism and peripheral inflammatory responses that trigger exacerbated neuroinflammation. In experimental models, anti-inflammatory strategies have demonstrated neuroprotective effects, leading to a reduction in HE-related cognitive and motor impairments. In this scenario, a growing body of evidence has shown that peripheral and central nervous system inflammation are promising preclinical targets. In this review, we performed an overview of FDA-approved drugs and natural compounds which are used in the treatment of other neurological and nonneurological diseases that have played a neuroprotective role in experimental HE, at least in part, through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Despite the exciting results from animal models, the available data should be critically interpreted, highlighting the importance of translating the findings for clinical essays. Keywords: Hepatic Encephalopathy; Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Neuroprotection; Models, Animal

CITATION EXPORT

Rafaela Pinto Coelho Santos, Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano, Milene Alvarenga Rachid. Anti-inflammatory strategies for hepatic encephalopathy: preclinical studies. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767819

AUTHORS

3 · 3 CENTRES

Rafaela Pinto Coelho Santos, Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano, Milene Alvarenga Rachid

1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Laboratório de Patologia Celular e Molecular, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
2Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório Integrado de Pesquisa em Patologia, Juiz de Fora MG, Brazil.
3Universidade Federal de Juiz e Fora, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Juiz de Fora MG, Brazil.