SEARCHSYSTEMATIC_REVIEWcardiology, nutrition

systematic_review·cardiology, nutrition, epidemiology, systematic review, public health·PMC10334141

Are Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Medications Used as Complements to Heart-Healthy Diets? A Scoping Review

Advances in Nutrition · 10 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

Among three longitudinal studies assessing intraindividual diet changes, two found no dietary change following medication initiation, while one found improved diet quality.

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Among three longitudinal studies assessing intraindividual diet changes, two found no dietary change following medication initiation, while one found improved diet quality. A limitation is that most studies did not report how long participants had been using medication or whether nonusers had the relevant conditions.

STUDY TYPE

systematic_review

SPECIALTY

cardiology

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AI pipeline

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10334141

Are Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Medications Used as Complements to Heart-Healthy Diets? A Scoping Review

Advances in Nutrition

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ABSTRACT

Abstract In cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, whether antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications are used as complements to heart-healthy diets has not been thoroughly assessed. This scoping review aimed to 1 ) analyze observational studies that assessed the relationship between diet and antihypertensive/lipid-lowering medication use and 2 ) evaluate whether medication was used as a complement to heart-healthy dietary intakes. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL through 14 January, 2023, for studies that assessed either 1 ) intraindividual changes in diet associated with lipid-lowering/antihypertensive medication initiation or use or 2 ) interindividual differences in diet between users and nonusers of these medications. A total of 17 studies were included. Of those, 3 prospectively assessed the intraindividual changes in diet associated with medication initiation or use, but none documented potential changes in diet prior to medication initiation. The 14 other studies compared dietary intakes of medication users and nonusers, most of which also relied on an incomplete assessment of the temporal dynamics between diet and medication use as they employed cross-sectional ( n = 12) or repeated cross-sectional ( n = 2) designs. Data from 8 studies, including 4 of the 5 studies from Europe, suggested that medication was used as a complement to heart-healthy diets, whereas data from the 9 other studies, including the 4 conducted in the United States, provided no such evidence, indicating potential between-country differences in this relationship. Finally, no studies investigated how the dynamics between diet and medication use influenced the long-term CVD risk. This scoping review suggests that the current literature on the relationship between lipid-lowering/antihypertensive medication use and diet provides an incomplete perspective on how medication may influence diet in CVD prevention. Prospective studies assessing intraindividual changes in diet associated with medication initiation and use and how these dynamics influence the CVD risk are thus needed. Keywords: cardiovascular disease prevention, lipid-lowering medication, antihypertensive medication, diet, scoping review

CITATION EXPORT

Clémence Desjardins, Marie Cyrenne-Dussault, Olivier Barbier et al.. Are Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Medications Used as Complements to Heart-Healthy Diets? A Scoping Review. Advances in Nutrition. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.010

AUTHORS

10 · 5 CENTRES

Clémence Desjardins, Marie Cyrenne-Dussault, Olivier Barbier, Amélie Bélanger, Anne Gangloff, Line Guénette, Jacinthe Leclerc, Jean Lefebvre, Arsène Zongo, Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier

1Nutrition, Health and Society (NUTRISS) Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Canada
2Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Canada
3CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Canada
4Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Canada
5Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Canada