SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWbiomedical research, preclinical research

narrative_review·biomedical research, preclinical research, internal medicine·PMC10844384

Armeniacae semen amarum : a review on its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application, toxicology and pharmacokinetics

Frontiers in Pharmacology · 11 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes preclinical and traditional knowledge about the bitter almond seed (ASA), noting its diverse pharmacological activities and potential toxicity from cyanide precursors.

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It discusses traditional clinical applications and processing methods to reduce toxicity. The review concludes that ASA is a promising multi-component agent requiring further investigation into its mechanisms and pharmacokinetics for safer clinical use.

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narrative_review

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biomedical research

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10844384

Armeniacae semen amarum : a review on its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application, toxicology and pharmacokinetics

Frontiers in Pharmacology

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ABSTRACT

Armeniacae semen amarum —seeds of Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae) (ASA), also known as Kuxingren in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese herbal drug commonly used for lung disease and intestinal disorders. It has long been used to treat coughs and asthma, as well as to lubricate the colon and reduce constipation. ASA refers to the dried ripe seed of diverse species of Rosaceae and contains a variety of phytochemical components, including glycosides, organic acids, amino acids, flavonoids, terpenes, phytosterols, phenylpropanoids, and other components. Extensive data shows that ASA exhibits various pharmacological activities, such as anticancer activity, anti-oxidation, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammation, protection of cardiovascular, neural, respiratory and digestive systems, antidiabetic effects, and protection of the liver and kidney, and other activities. In clinical practice, ASA can be used as a single drug or in combination with other traditional Chinese medicines, forming ASA-containing formulas, to treat various afflictions. However, it is important to consider the potential adverse reactions and pharmacokinetic properties of ASA during its clinical use. Overall, with various bioactive components, diversified pharmacological actions and potent efficacies, ASA is a promising drug that merits in-depth study on its functional mechanisms to facilitate its clinical application.

CITATION EXPORT

Shun Tang, Minmin Wang, Yuhui Peng et al.. Armeniacae semen amarum: a review on its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application, toxicology and pharmacokinetics. Frontiers in Pharmacology. (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1290888

AUTHORS

11 · 3 CENTRES

Shun Tang, Minmin Wang, Yuhui Peng, Yuanjing Liang, Jiarong Lei, Qiu Tao, Tianqi Ming, Yanqiao Shen, Chuantao Zhang, Jinlin Guo, Haibo Xu

1 State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China