Assessing rural household’s food groups-and-sources and dietary diversity pattern in Malaita Province

Scientific Reports · 5 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

Data were analyzed using SPSS and QDA MINER.

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Data were analyzed using SPSS and QDA MINER. A correlation analysis found a significant positive relationship between the HDDS and total meal frequency. When comparing the 48-h data to the previous year's recall, there was little difference in food accessibility and availability. The authors conclude that while households likely meet nutritional needs based on their dietary trend, the HDDS indicates sufficient but not optimal dietary diversity, and a risk of nutrient insufficiency remains because the study did not assess specific nutrient content or portion sizes.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

nutrition

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10427622

Assessing rural household’s food groups-and-sources and dietary diversity pattern in Malaita Province

Scientific Reports

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ABSTRACT

Access to and availability of various food sources is not an issue in rural communities. However, there is no guarantee that households are not affected by nutritional inadequacy, which is still a problem in most underdeveloped nations. A mixed-methods study was conducted to determine the HDDS through the snowballing method for the last 12 months’ food groups-and-sources and the 48-h diet recall. Ninety-eight households in two rural communities surrounding Sikwafta (zone one) and Malu’u (zone two) participated in the interview between April and May 2019. The results were then analyzed through SPSS and QDA MINER. The aim is to analyze the household dietary patterns of the communities between the two zones. The study also hypothesizes that the dietary pattern of households has not changed. Results showed that a total of nine food groups were consumed: grain, white roots, tubers, plantains, oils/fats (95.90%), condiments (83.70%), and meat/poultry/sea foods (77.60%). The majority of the food consumed comes from the gardens, followed by other food sources, which make up the average HDDS of five. A correlation analysis found a statistically significant relationship between HDDS and total meal (0.504*), with no relationships between demographics. When comparing 48-h food sources-and-groups to the previous year, there was little to no difference in accessibility and availability. This implies that the majority of households are likely to achieve their nutritional needs within the parameters of their dietary trend. Even though households have adequate access to food, there is a significant need to improve their nutritional needs, even if they consume the average amount of the required food groups.

CITATION EXPORT

Zina Bird, Viliamu Iese, Helene Jacot Des Combes et al.. Assessing rural household’s food groups-and-sources and dietary diversity pattern in Malaita Province. Scientific Reports. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39124-3

AUTHORS

5 · 3 CENTRES

Zina Bird, Viliamu Iese, Helene Jacot Des Combes, Bradley Alungo, Morgan Wairiu

1https://ror.org/008stv805grid.33998.380000 0001 2171 4027Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development (PaCE-SD), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
2National Disaster Management Office, Ajeltake, Marshall Islands
3Islands Knowledge Institute, Honiara, Solomon Islands