Assessment of antimalarial activity of crude extract of Chan-Ta-Lee-La and Pra-Sa-Chan-Dang formulations and their plant ingredients for new drug candidates of malaria treatment: In vitro and in vivo experiments

PLOS ONE · 10 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

No acute oral toxicity was observed at a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg in mice.

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This preclinical study evaluated the antimalarial and toxicological effects of ethanolic extracts from two traditional Thai formulations, CTLL and PSCD, and their individual plant ingredients. The CTLL extract at 600 mg/kg achieved 89.80% suppression in the 4-day suppressive test and 35.94% in the curative test. The PSCD extract at 600 mg/kg showed the highest prophylactic suppression at 65.82%. A single oral dose of 2,000 mg/kg of either extract produced no signs of acute toxicity, and histopathological examination of organ tissues showed normal morphological features.

STUDY TYPE

other

SPECIALTY

infectious disease

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10783769

Assessment of antimalarial activity of crude extract of Chan-Ta-Lee-La and Pra-Sa-Chan-Dang formulations and their plant ingredients for new drug candidates of malaria treatment: In vitro and in vivo experiments

PLOS ONE

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ABSTRACT

The emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance have become a significant problem worldwide. The search for natural products to develop novel antimalarial drugs is challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the antimalarial and toxicological effects of Chan-Ta-Lee-La (CTLL) and Pra-Sa-Chan-Dang (PSCD) formulations and their plant ingredients. The crude extracts of CTLL and PSCD formulations and their plant ingredients were evaluated for in vitro antimalarial activity using Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase enzyme and toxicity to Vero and HepG2 cells using the tetrazolium salt method. An extract from the CTLL and PSCD formulations exhibiting the highest selectivity index value was selected for further investigation using Peter’s 4-day suppressive test, curative test, prophylactic test, and acute oral toxicity in mice. The phytochemical constituents were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that ethanolic extracts of CTLL and PSCD formulations possessed high antimalarial activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration = 4.88, and 4.19 g/mL, respectively) with low cytotoxicity. Ethanolic extracts of the CTLL and PSCD formulations demonstrated a significant dose-dependent decrease in parasitemia in mice. The ethanolic CTLL extract showed the greatest suppressive effect after 4 days of suppressive (89.80%) and curative (35.94%) testing at a dose of 600 mg/kg. Moreover, ethanolic PSCD extract showed the highest suppressive effect in the prophylactic test (65.82%) at a dose of 600 mg/kg. There was no acute toxicity in mice treated with ethanolic CTLL and PSCD extracts at 2,000 mg/kg bodyweight. GC-MS analysis revealed that the most abundant compounds in the ethanolic CTLL extract were linderol, isoborneol, eudesmol, linoleic acid, and oleic acid, whereas ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate was the most commonly found compound in the ethanolic PSCD extract, followed by 3-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one, flamenol, oleic acid amide, linoleic acid, and oleic acid. In conclusions, ethanolic CTLL and PSCD extracts exhibited high antimalarial efficacy in vitro . The ethanolic CTLL extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg exhibited the highest antimalarial activity in the 4-day suppressive and curative tests, whereas the ethanolic PSCD extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg showed the highest antimalarial activity in the prophylactic test.

CITATION EXPORT

Prapaporn Chaniad, Arisara Phuwajaroanpong, Walaiporn Plirat et al.. Assessment of antimalarial activity of crude extract of Chan-Ta-Lee-La and Pra-Sa-Chan-Dang formulations and their plant ingredients for new drug candidates of malaria treatment: In vitro and in vivo experiments. PLOS ONE. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296756

AUTHORS

10 · 4 CENTRES

Prapaporn Chaniad, Arisara Phuwajaroanpong, Walaiporn Plirat, Atthaphon Konyanee, Abdi Wira Septama, Chuchard Punsawad, Branislav T. Šiler, Branislav T. Šiler, Branislav T. Šiler, Branislav T. Šiler

1 Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
2 Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
3 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, Cibinong Science Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), West Java, Indonesia
Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, SERBIA

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Branislav T. Šiler