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cohort·epidemiology, public health, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics·PMC10416396

Association between usage of household cooking fuel and congenital birth defects-18 months multi-centric cohort study in Nepal

Archives of Public Health · 6 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

The study found that using polluting fuels (kerosene or firewood) for cooking was associated with higher odds of a child having a congenital birth defect compared to using cleaner fuels.

Full summary

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The main analysis used multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for confounders like maternal age, education, ethnicity, income, child sex, parity, and pregnancy type. The central finding was that families using polluting fuels had 49% higher odds (aOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.16, 1.91) of having a child with a congenital birth defect compared to those using cleaner fuels.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

epidemiology

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10416396

Association between usage of household cooking fuel and congenital birth defects-18 months multi-centric cohort study in Nepal

Archives of Public Health

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background - An estimated 240,000 newborns die worldwide within 28 days of birth every year due to congenital birth defect. Exposure to poor indoor environment contributes to poor health outcomes. In this research, we aim to evaluate the association between the usage of different type household cooking fuel and congenital birth defects in Nepal, as well as investigate whether air ventilation usage had a modifying effect on the possible association. Methods - This is a secondary analysis of multi-centric prospective cohort study evaluating Quality Improvement Project in 12 public referral hospitals of Nepal from 2017 to 2018. The study sample was 66,713 women with a newborn, whose information was available in hospital records and exit interviews. The association between cooking fuel type usage and congenital birth defects was investigated with adjusted multivariable logistic regression. To investigate the air ventilation usage, a stratified multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Results -In the study population (N = 66,713), 60.0% used polluting fuels for cooking and 89.6% did not have proper air ventilation. The prevalence rate of congenital birth defect was higher among the families who used polluting fuels for cooking than those who used cleaner fuels (5.5/1000 vs. 3.5/1000, p < 0.001). Families using polluting fuels had higher odds (aOR 1.49; 95% CI; 1.16, 1.91) of having a child with a congenital birth defect compared to mothers using cleaner fuels adjusted with all available co-variates. Families not using ventilation while cooking had even higher but statistically insignificant odds of having a child with congenital birth defects (aOR 1.34; 95% CI; 0.86, 2.07) adjusted with all other variates. Conclusion - The usage of polluted fuels for cooking has an increased odds of congenital birth defects with no significant association with ventilation. This study adds to the increasing knowledge on the adverse effect of polluting fuels for cooking and the need for action to reduce this exposure. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-023-01169-1. Keywords: Air ventilation, Congenital birth defect, Indoor environment, Neonatal health, Polluted cooking fuel

CITATION EXPORT

Ashish KC, Sanni Halme, Rejina Gurung et al.. Association between usage of household cooking fuel and congenital birth defects-18 months multi-centric cohort study in Nepal. Archives of Public Health. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-023-01169-1

AUTHORS

6 · 4 CENTRES

Ashish KC, Sanni Halme, Rejina Gurung, Omkar Basnet, Erik Olsson, Ebba Malmqvist

1School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Medicinargatan 18, Gothenburg, Sweden
2Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
3Research Division, Golden Community, Lalitpur, Nepal
4Lund University, Biskopsgatan 9, Lund, Sweden