SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALendocrinology, epidemiology

cross-sectional·endocrinology, epidemiology, public health, internal medicine·PMC10637564

Association of long-term benzodiazepine hypnotic use and prediabetes in US population: A cross-sectional analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey data

Medicine · 7 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

This cross-sectional study analyzed national survey data to see if long-term benzodiazepine hypnotic use was linked to prediabetes in US adults without diabetes. The study found no significant association between using benzodiazepine hypnotics for at least 3 months and the prevalence of prediabetes.

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Prediabetes was defined by hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels of 5.7–6.4%, with sensitivity analyses for lower thresholds. After propensity score adjustment, no significant association was found between benzodiazepine use and prediabetes (odds ratio 1.09, 95% CI 0.19–6.32) or lower HbA1C thresholds. The study's strengths include efforts to exclude confounding medications and adjust for risk factors. Limitations include variable usage frequency among users and reliance on older data, though analysis of recent prescription data suggested similar drug use. The authors conclude that long-term benzodiazepine use was not significantly associated with prediabetes prevalence, but note that longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

endocrinology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10637564

Association of long-term benzodiazepine hypnotic use and prediabetes in US population: A cross-sectional analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey data

Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Benzodiazepine hypnotics’ effects on glucose metabolism are seldom reported, and the association between long-term (≥4 weeks) benzodiazepine usage and prediabetes has not been studied. This study was aimed to investigate the association between benzodiazepine hypnotic usage for ≥ 3 months and the prevalence of prediabetes. We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2005 to 2008, selecting adult participants without diabetes who used benzodiazepine hypnotics for at least 3 months or did not take any hypnotics. Individuals taking other hypnotics, antipsychotics, glucocorticoids, or hypoglycemic drugs were excluded. We defined prediabetes as an hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) 5.7–6.4%, as suggested by the American Diabetes Association. Prescribed drug information was self-reported and checked by official interviewers, and HbA1C data in NHANES was recognized by the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program. We calculated the propensity score according to the covariates and adjusted it using multivariate logistic regression. Lower thresholds of HbA1C ≥ 5.5% or ≥ 5.3% were also analyzed. Among 4694 eligible participants, 38 received benzodiazepine hypnotics; using these hypnotics for ≥ 3 months was not significantly associated with the prevalence of prediabetes, as well as HbA1C ≥ 5.5% or ≥ 5.3%. Adjusted for propensity score, the respective odds ratios for prediabetes, HbA1C ≥ 5.5%, and HbA1C ≥ 5.3% were 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19–6.32), 0.83 (95% CI 0.22–3.13), and 1.22 (95% CI 0.3–4.93). No significant association was found between benzodiazepine hypnotic usage ≥ 3 months and the prevalence of prediabetes.

CITATION EXPORT

Weizhen Wu, Junning Zhang, Yizhuo Qiao et al.. Association of long-term benzodiazepine hypnotic use and prediabetes in US population: A cross-sectional analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey data. Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000035705

AUTHORS

7 · 3 CENTRES

Weizhen Wu, Junning Zhang, Yizhuo Qiao, Lijiang Ren, Zhe Chen, Yan Fu, Zhixu Yang

a Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
b Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P.R. China
c Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P.R. China.