SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALophthalmology, dry eye

cross-sectional·ophthalmology, dry eye, epidemiology, observational study·PMC10773403

Associations between dry eye disease and sleep quality: a cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open Ophthalmology · 5 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This cross-sectional study analyzed 141 veterans to examine relationships between dry eye disease and sleep quality.

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This cross-sectional study analyzed 141 veterans to examine relationships between dry eye disease and sleep quality. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The strongest association was between the OSDI symptom score and sleep disturbances (PSQI subscore 5, r=0.49). Linear regression confirmed these associations. The study concludes that ocular symptom severity and pain are closely related to sleep disturbances, while associations with clinical signs are weaker. Limitations include the cross-sectional design preventing causal inference, a predominantly male veteran population limiting generalizability, and the subjective nature of sleep and symptom reports.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

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ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10773403

Associations between dry eye disease and sleep quality: a cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open Ophthalmology

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background/aims To investigate relationships between dry eye (DE) disease and sleep quality, with a focus on which aspects of sleep most closely relate to DE. Methods 141 veterans (mean age: 56±5) seen at the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic filled out questionnaires to quantify the severity of DE symptoms (5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)) and ocular pain (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory modified for the Eye (NPSI-E)). All individuals also underwent an ocular surface examination. Aspects of sleep quality were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). DE metrics were examined by PSQI scores and subscores. Results Most participants (76%) reported mild or greater DE symptoms (DEQ-5 ≥6). Overall, ocular symptoms were more related to sleep metrics than signs. The strongest DE symptom association was between the OSDI and sleep disturbances (PSQI subscore 5, r=0.49, p<0.0005). For DE signs, ocular surface inflammation and meibum quality were related to subjective sleep quality (PSQI subscore 1, r=0.29, p=0.03, for both). On linear regression analyses, most ocular symptom questionnaires remained associated with sleep disturbances (PSQI subscore 5: NRS (r=0.52, p<0.0005), DEQ-5 (r=0.36, p<0.0005), and OSDI (r=0.31, p<0.0005)). For DE signs, ocular surface inflammation and meibum quality remained associated with subjective sleep quality (r=0.26, p=0.01; r=0.46, p<0.0005, respectively). Conclusion DE symptom and ocular pain intensity were closely related to sleep metrics, most strongly to sleep disturbances. Relationships were weaker for DE signs, with subjective sleep quality relating to inflammation and meibum quality. Keywords: Ocular surface, Tears

CITATION EXPORT

Mohammad Ayoubi, Kimberly Cabrera, Simran Mangwani-Mordani et al.. Associations between dry eye disease and sleep quality: a cross-sectional analysis. BMJ Open Ophthalmology. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001584

AUTHORS

5 · 4 CENTRES

Mohammad Ayoubi, Kimberly Cabrera, Simran Mangwani-Mordani, Elyana Vittoria Tessa Locatelli, Anat Galor

1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
2Department of Ophthalmology, Bruce W Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
3Research, Bruce W Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
4Ophthalmology, University of Miami Health System Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, USA