SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALoncology, gastroenterology

cross-sectional·oncology, gastroenterology, nutrition, epidemiology, public health·PMC10358192

Associations of the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations with stages of colorectal carcinogenesis

Cancer Medicine · 13 authors, 12 centres

AI SUMMARY

FIDELITY 100%

This summary was generated by AI from a single paper. It has not been reviewed by a clinician and is not clinical advice. Verify against the source before acting on it.

AGENT 01 · STRUCTURED SUMMARY

TRACE TO SOURCE

“

TL;DR

Of the seven score components, alcohol and BMI appeared most influential.

Full summary

1,071 CHARS

Diet, body fatness, and physical activity were measured via validated self-administered questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression showed that higher adherence was inversely associated with advanced lesions (OR 0.82 per score point), but not with CRC. Of the seven individual score components, alcohol and BMI appeared most influential, whereas adherence was lowest for red and processed meat and alcohol. In an external cohort of 430 CRC patients, only 10% fully adhered to the alcohol recommendation and 2% to the red and processed meat recommendation. Limitations include the cross-sectional design, which is susceptible to reverse causality (disease-related lifestyle changes preceding screening), reliance on self-reported data reflecting only the past year rather than the long CRC latency period, a relatively small number of CRC cases reducing statistical power, and recruitment limited to FIT-positive participants, limiting generalisability. The findings support a holistic approach to cancer prevention targeting multiple lifestyle factors in combination.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

oncology

SUMMARISED BY

AI pipeline

FIDELITY CHECK

100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10358192

Associations of the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations with stages of colorectal carcinogenesis

Cancer Medicine

READ THE FULL PAPER

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background While adherence to cancer prevention recommendations is linked to lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), few have studied associations across the entire spectrum of colorectal carcinogenesis. Here, we studied the relationship of the standardized 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score for cancer prevention recommendations with detection of colorectal lesions in a screening setting. As a secondary objective, we examined to what extent the recommendations were being followed in an external cohort of CRC patients. Methods Adherence to the seven‐point 2018 WCRF/AICR Score was measured in screening participants receiving a positive fecal immunochemical test and in CRC patients participating in an intervention study. Dietary intake, body fatness and physical activity were assessed using self‐administered questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for screen‐detected lesions. Results Of 1486 screening participants, 548 were free from adenomas, 524 had non‐advanced adenomas, 349 had advanced lesions and 65 had CRC. Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score was inversely associated with advanced lesions; OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.71, 0.94) per score point, but not with CRC. Of the seven individual components included in the score, alcohol, and BMI seemed to be the most influential. Of the 430 CRC patients included in the external cohort, the greatest potential for lifestyle improvement was seen for the recommendations concerning alcohol and red and processed meat, where 10% and 2% fully adhered, respectively. Conclusions Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score was associated with lower probability of screen‐detected advanced precancerous lesions, but not CRC. Although some components of the score seemed to be more influential than others (i.e., alcohol and BMI), taking a holistic approach to cancer prevention is likely the best way to prevent the occurrence of precancerous colorectal lesions. Keywords: advanced colorectal lesions, cancer prevention recommendations, colorectal cancer, colorectal carcinogenesis, diet, lifestyle

CITATION EXPORT

Ane Sørlie Kværner, Astrid Riseth Andersen, Hege Berg Henriksen et al.. Associations of the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations with stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6119

AUTHORS

13 · 12 CENTRES

Ane Sørlie Kværner, Astrid Riseth Andersen, Hege Berg Henriksen, Markus Dines Knudsen, Anne Marte Wetting Johansen, Anette Hjartåker, Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn, Ingvild Paur, Gro Wiedswang, Sigbjørn Smeland, Trine B Rounge, Rune Blomhoff, Paula Berstad

1 Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
2 Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
3 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
4 Department of Transplantation, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
5 Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
6 Department of Clinical Services, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
7 Norwegian Advisory Unit on Disease‐related Undernutrition, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
8 Department of Gastrointestinal and Children Surgery, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
9 Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
10 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
11 Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
12 Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway