SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWagriculture, biomedical research

narrative_review·agriculture, biomedical research, preclinical research·PMC10098069

Beyond the genomes of Fulvia fulva (syn. Cladosporium fulvum ) and Dothistroma septosporum : New insights into how these fungal pathogens interact with their host plants

Molecular Plant Pathology · 16 authors, 12 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes a decade of research on two fungal pathogens, Fulvia fulva and Dothistroma septosporum, and their molecular interactions with tomato and pine hosts, respectively.

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Key advancements include the identification of effector repertoopes, the role of a dispensable chromosome in F. fulva, and the application of CRISPR-Cas technology to D. septosporum. The review highlights that while both pathogens share strategies, their divergent hosts (angiosperm vs. gymnosperm) present unique challenges for understanding disease resistance. Limitations include the paucity of molecular knowledge in gymnosperm trees and the need for more genome sequencing. The implications point toward using genomic tools for rapid identification of resistance-breaking strains and durable disease management in agriculture and forestry.

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narrative_review

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agriculture

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10098069

Beyond the genomes of Fulvia fulva (syn. Cladosporium fulvum ) and Dothistroma septosporum : New insights into how these fungal pathogens interact with their host plants

Molecular Plant Pathology

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Fulvia fulva and Dothistroma septosporum are closely related apoplastic pathogens with similar lifestyles but different hosts: F. fulva is a pathogen of tomato, whilst D. septosporum is a pathogen of pine trees. In 2012, the first genome sequences of these pathogens were published, with F. fulva and D. septosporum having highly fragmented and near‐complete assemblies, respectively. Since then, significant advances have been made in unravelling their genome architectures. For instance, the genome of F. fulva has now been assembled into 14 chromosomes, 13 of which have synteny with the 14 chromosomes of D. septosporum , suggesting these pathogens are even more closely related than originally thought. Considerable advances have also been made in the identification and functional characterization of virulence factors (e.g., effector proteins and secondary metabolites) from these pathogens, thereby providing new insights into how they promote host colonization or activate plant defence responses. For example, it has now been established that effector proteins from both F. fulva and D. septosporum interact with cell‐surface immune receptors and co‐receptors to activate the plant immune system. Progress has also been made in understanding how F. fulva and D. septosporum have evolved with their host plants, whilst intensive research into pandemics of Dothistroma needle blight in the Northern Hemisphere has shed light on the origins, migration, and genetic diversity of the global D. septosporum population. In this review, we specifically summarize advances made in our understanding of the F. fulva –tomato and D. septosporum –pine pathosystems over the last 10 years. Keywords: Dothistroma needle blight (DNB), effector proteins, genome sequences, host susceptibility and resistance, pathogen diversity, secondary metabolites, tomato leaf mould

CITATION EXPORT

Carl H Mesarich, Irene Barnes, Ellie L Bradley et al.. Beyond the genomes of Fulvia fulva (syn. Cladosporium fulvum) and Dothistroma septosporum: New insights into how these fungal pathogens interact with their host plants. Molecular Plant Pathology. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.13309

AUTHORS

16 · 12 CENTRES

Carl H Mesarich, Irene Barnes, Ellie L Bradley, Silvia de la Rosa, Pierre J G M de Wit, Yanan Guo, Scott A Griffiths, Richard C Hamelin, Matthieu H A J Joosten, Mengmeng Lu, Hannah M McCarthy, Christiaan R Schol, Ioannis Stergiopoulos, Mariana Tarallo, Alex Z Zaccaron, Rosie E Bradshaw

1 Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
2 Bioprotection Aotearoa, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
3 Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
4 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
5 Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
6 Lazarus Bio Ltd, Llanelli, UK
7 Hydro Industries Ltd, Llanelli, UK
8 Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
9 Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
10 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
11 Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
12 Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA