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TL;DR
The authors conclude that despite numerous candidates, very few have reached clinical trials due to unresolved challenges in biomaterial properties, cell quality, and surgical compatibility.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · 7 authors, 3 centres
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The authors conclude that despite numerous candidates, very few have reached clinical trials due to unresolved challenges in biomaterial properties, cell quality, and surgical compatibility.
The review covers in vitro and preclinical work on biomaterial composition, thickness, mechanical properties, and surgical compatibility for delivering engineered tissues. The authors report that very few biomaterials have progressed to the clinical trial phase, attributing this to unresolved challenges in finding the right combination of biomaterial properties, producing high-quality matured cells with functional barriers of high cell density, developing tools for in vitro tissue quality assessment, and ensuring surgical compatibility. Further research is needed before these tissue engineering approaches can be translated to human transplantation.