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cohort·epidemiology, public health, pediatrics, hematology, nutrition·PMC10503718

Child anemia in Cambodia: A descriptive analysis of temporal and geospatial trends and logistic regression-based examination of factors associated with anemia in children

PLOS Global Public Health · 5 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This study analyzed trends and factors associated with childhood anemia in Cambodia using survey data from 2005, 2010, and 2014. The prevalence of anemia decreased from 62.2% to 56.6% over the period, and factors like maternal anemia, male sex, underweight, stunting, and recent fever were positively associated with anemia.

Full summary

585 CHARS

The overall prevalence decreased from 62.2% in 2005 to 56.6% in 2014, with significant geographical variation. Using logistic regression, factors positively associated with anemia included maternal anemia (AOR=1.77), being male (AOR=1.20), being underweight (AOR=1.24), being stunted (AOR=1.24), and having a recent fever (AOR=1.16). These associations were generally consistent across time and location. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions addressing maternal health, child nutrition, and infectious diseases across geospatial regions in Cambodia.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

epidemiology

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AI pipeline

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10503718

Child anemia in Cambodia: A descriptive analysis of temporal and geospatial trends and logistic regression-based examination of factors associated with anemia in children

PLOS Global Public Health

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Anemia in children remains a public health concern in many resource-limited countries. To better understand child anemia in Cambodia, we examined temporal and geospatial trends of childhood anemia and used logistic regression to analyze its association with individual and household characteristics using data from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys for 2005, 2010, and 2014. The prevalence of childhood anemia decreased from 62.2% in 2005 to 56.6% in 2014. The prevalence of childhood anemia was highest in Pursat (84.3%) for 2005, Kampong Thom (67%) for 2010, and Preah Vihear and Steung Treng (68.6%) for 2014. After adjusting for other variables, factors positively associated with childhood anemia included having a mother who was anemic (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.58–1.97); being male vs. female (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07–1.33), underweight (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.14–1.57), or stunted (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.41); or having had a recent episode of fever (AOR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03–1.31). Children were less likely to have anemia if they were older than 12 months. They were also less likely to have anemia if they were from a wealthier household (AOR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50–0.84) or had taken medications for intestinal parasites (AOR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.89–0.93). These associations were generally consistent across time and space. Public health interventions and policies to alleviate anemia should be prioritized to address these factors across geospatial divides. Anemia remains highly prevalent among children aged 6–59 months in Cambodia.

CITATION EXPORT

Samnang Um, Michael R Cope, Jonathan A Muir et al.. Child anemia in Cambodia: A descriptive analysis of temporal and geospatial trends and logistic regression-based examination of factors associated with anemia in children. PLOS Global Public Health. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002082

AUTHORS

5 · 4 CENTRES

Samnang Um, Michael R Cope, Jonathan A Muir, Rajesh Sharma, Rajesh Sharma

1The National Institute of Public Health, Tuol Kork District, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
2Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
3The Global Health Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
4Delhi Technological University, INDIA