Nutrients · 7 authors, 1 centre
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A case-control study of 506 glioma patients and 506 controls in China found that higher adherence to Chinese dietary guidelines (CHEI) and greater dietary antioxidant intake (DAI) were associated with reduced glioma risk, while dietary inflammation (DII) and nutritional imbalance (CDBI) were associated with increased glioma risk.
Dietary intake was measured using a 114-item food frequency questionnaire. After adjusting for covariates, higher CHEI scores (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.93) and higher DAI scores (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.54–0.70) were associated with reduced glioma risk, while CDBI-based undernutrition (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06–1.12) and overnutrition (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09–1.20) and higher DII scores (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.81–2.68) were associated with elevated glioma risk. Restrictive cubic spline analysis revealed significant nonlinear dose–response relationships for CHEI, CDBI, DAI, and DII with glioma. Subgroup analyses indicated CHEI had a stronger association with glioblastoma (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77–0.90), while DAI showed a more pronounced association with low-grade glioma (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.12–0.61). Sensitivity analyses suggested CDQI results were not robust.
