SEARCHSYSTEMATIC_REVIEWclinical nutrition, clinical trial

systematic_review·clinical nutrition, clinical trial, systematic review·PMC10587327

Core Body Temperatures in Intermittent Sports: A Systematic Review

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.z.) · 6 authors, 4 centres

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FIDELITY 100%

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TL;DR

This systematic review synthesized data from 34 studies on core body temperature during intermittent sports competition.

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This systematic review of 34 studies investigated core body temperature responses in healthy, adult intermittent sport athletes during competition, without experimental interventions like cooling. The review concludes that practitioners are justified in seeking interventions to mitigate heat strain but calls for more homogeneous research to better understand the independent effects of factors like environmental conditions and competition duration.

STUDY TYPE

systematic_review

SPECIALTY

clinical nutrition

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10587327

Core Body Temperatures in Intermittent Sports: A Systematic Review

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.z.)

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Hyperthermia (and associated health and performance implications) can be a significant problem for athletes and teams involved in intermittent sports. Quantifying the highest thermal strain (i.e. peak core body temperature [peak T c ]) from a range of intermittent sports would enhance our understanding of the thermal requirements of sport and assist in making informed decisions about training or match-day interventions to reduce thermally induced harm and/or performance decline. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to synthesise and characterise the available thermal strain data collected in competition from intermittent sport athletes. Methods A systematic literature search was performed on Web of Science, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus to identify studies up to 17 April 2023. Electronic databases were searched using a text mining method to provide a partially automated and systematic search strategy retrieving terms related to core body temperature measurement and intermittent sport. Records were eligible if they included core body temperature measurement during competition, without experimental intervention that may influence thermal strain (e.g. cooling), in healthy, adult, intermittent sport athletes at any level. Due to the lack of an available tool that specifically includes potential sources of bias for physiological responses in descriptive studies, a methodological evaluation checklist was developed and used to document important methodological considerations. Data were not meta-analysed given the methodological heterogeneity between studies and therefore were presented descriptively in tabular and graphical format. Results A total of 34 studies were selected for review; 27 were observational, 5 were experimental (2 parallel group and 3 repeated measures randomised controlled trials), and 2 were quasi-experimental (1 parallel group and 1 repeated measures non-randomised controlled trial). Across all included studies, 386 participants (plus participant numbers not reported in two studies) were recruited after accounting for shared data between studies. A total of 4 studies (~ 12%) found no evidence of hyperthermia, 24 (~ 71%) found evidence of ‘modest’ hyperthermia (peak T c between 38.5 and 39.5 °C), and 6 (~ 18%) found evidence of ‘marked’ hyperthermia (peak T c of 39.5 °C or greater) during intermittent sports competition. Conclusions Practitioners and coaches supporting intermittent sport athletes are justified to seek interventions aimed at mitigating the high heat strain observed in competition. More research is required to determine the most effective interventions for this population that are practically viable in intermittent sports settings (often constrained by many competing demands). Greater statistical power and homogeneity among studies are required to quantify the independent effects of wet bulb globe temperature, competition duration, sport and level of competition on peak T c , all of which are likely to be key modulators of the thermal strain experienced by competing athletes. Registration This systematic review was registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/vfb4s ; 10.17605/OSF.IO/EZYFA, 4 January 2021). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-023-01892-3.

CITATION EXPORT

Mitchell J Henderson, Clementine Grandou, Bryna C R Chrismas et al.. Core Body Temperatures in Intermittent Sports: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.z.). (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01892-3

AUTHORS

6 · 4 CENTRES

Mitchell J Henderson, Clementine Grandou, Bryna C R Chrismas, Aaron J Coutts, Franco M Impellizzeri, Lee Taylor

1School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
2Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
3Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
4School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK