Molecular Biology Reports · 9 authors, 2 centres
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The central result is that elevated D-ribose levels have been detected in diabetic patients and animal models, with strong reported associations with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic encephalopathy, though the causal direction remains unresolved.
A major limitation acknowledged by the authors is that numerous inconsistencies and unknowns persist regarding D-ribose metabolism and biological functions, and that no definitive answer exists on whether D-ribose supplementation is beneficial or detrimental. The review calls for further systematic research on biodistribution, tissue-specific metabolism, and clinical diagnostic methods.
