DELLA proteins positively regulate seed size in Arabidopsis

Development (Cambridge, England) · 6 authors, 1 centre

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TL;DR

This study uses genetic mutants and cellular analyses to show that DELLA proteins, which are growth repressors in other plant organs, positively regulate seed size in Arabidopsis by promoting cell proliferation in the maternal ovule integuments.

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This preclinical study investigates the genetic and hormonal regulation of seed size in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using the gain-of-function mutant gai-1, they show this effect is mediated maternally, as reciprocal crosses indicate the phenotype is determined by the maternal plant. The mechanism involves increased cell proliferation in the ovule integuments, evidenced by higher integument cell counts and elevated CYCB1;2 activity. The study identifies the transcription factor ANT as a downstream target of GAI. Limitations include that this work is in a model plant and the full molecular pathway, including the interaction with other transcription factors, requires further investigation.

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other

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preclinical research

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10445750

DELLA proteins positively regulate seed size in Arabidopsis

Development (Cambridge, England)

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ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Human and animal nutrition is mainly based on seeds. Seed size is a key factor affecting seed yield and has thus been one of the primary objectives of plant breeders since the domestication of crop plants. Seed size is coordinately regulated by signals of maternal and zygotic tissues that control the growth of the seed coat, endosperm and embryo. Here, we provide previously unreported evidence for the role of DELLA proteins, key repressors of gibberellin responses, in the maternal control of seed size. The gain-of-function della mutant gai-1 produces larger seeds as a result of an increase in the cell number in ovule integuments. This leads to an increase in ovule size and, in turn, to an increase in seed size. Moreover, DELLA activity promotes increased seed size by inducing the transcriptional activation of AINTEGUMENTA , a genetic factor that controls cell proliferation and organ growth, in the ovule integuments of gai-1. Overall, our results indicate that DELLA proteins are involved in the control of seed size and suggest that modulation of the DELLA-dependent pathway could be used to improve crop yield. Keywords: Ovule, Seed, Gibberellin, DELLA, Arabidopsis

CITATION EXPORT

Maria Dolores Gomez, Isabel Cored, Daniela Barro-Trastoy et al.. DELLA proteins positively regulate seed size in Arabidopsis. Development (Cambridge, England). (2023). https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.201853

AUTHORS

6 · 1 CENTRES

Maria Dolores Gomez, Isabel Cored, Daniela Barro-Trastoy, Joaquin Sanchez-Matilla, Pablo Tornero, Miguel A Perez-Amador

1Department of Development and Hormonal Action in Plants, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), CPI 8E, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain