SEARCHSYSTEMATIC_REVIEWoncology, nutrition

systematic_review·oncology, nutrition, clinical nutrition, systematic review, pulmonology·PMC10053575

Diet as a Factor Supporting Lung Cancer Treatment—A Systematic Review

Nutrients · 4 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

The authors conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching EMBASE and PubMed for studies published between 1977 and June 2022.

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The authors conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching EMBASE and PubMed for studies published between 1977 and June 2022. The review ultimately included 10 papers from the initial search and 10 cited papers, totaling 20 analyzed studies involving adults with lung cancer. Evidence was evaluated using Bradford Hill and CASP criteria and presented narratively due to data heterogeneity. The review found that adequate nutrition and targeted nutritional management are fundamental in cancer care, potentially limiting treatment adverse effects and improving quality of life. However, the data on the value of dietary interventions in increasing survival are limited. The study's primary limitations include the availability and quality of published research, with only half of eligible studies being RCTs and many lacking basic information.

STUDY TYPE

systematic_review

SPECIALTY

oncology

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10053575

Diet as a Factor Supporting Lung Cancer Treatment—A Systematic Review

Nutrients

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ABSTRACT

Abstract The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence from epidemiological studies concerning associations between diet and the effectiveness of treatment for lung cancer. For this review, a literature search has been conducted in the EMBASE and PubMed databases, including papers published between 1977 and June 2022. The term “lung cancer” was used in conjunction with “diet”. Footnotes from the selected papers were also analyzed. The present study is in line with the recommendations included in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The review included studies involving adults, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort and observational studies. In total, 863 papers were found, with duplicates excluded. Ultimately, 20 papers were reviewed. The present systematic review indicates that vitamin A, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamin E, selenium, and zinc—as antioxidants—can strengthen the body’s antioxidant barrier. Furthermore, preoperative immunonutrition may not only improve perioperative nutritional status following induction chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer surgery patients but also reduce the severity of postoperative complications. Similarly, a protein supply may exert a beneficial effect on human health by increasing average body weight and muscle mass. Omega-3 fatty acid content in the diet and the consumption of their main source, fish, may have some regulatory effect on inflammation in patients with lung cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition, n -3 fatty acids inhibit tumor cell proliferation and may reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy. Increased energy and protein intake are strongly associated with improved quality of life, functional outcomes, hand grip strength, symptoms, and performance in patients with lung cancer. The use of a supportive diet should be the standard of care, alongside pharmaceutical therapy, in treatment for patients with lung cancer. Keywords: diet, nutrition, lung cancer, outcome, treatment

CITATION EXPORT

Jacek Polański, Natalia Świątoniowska-Lonc, Sylwia Kołaczyńska et al.. Diet as a Factor Supporting Lung Cancer Treatment—A Systematic Review. Nutrients. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061477

AUTHORS

4 · 5 CENTRES

Jacek Polański, Natalia Świątoniowska-Lonc, Sylwia Kołaczyńska, Mariusz Chabowski

1Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension, and Clinical Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
2Center for Research and Innovation, 4th Military Teaching Hospital, 50-981 Wrocław, Poland
3Department of Clinical Oncology, 4th Military Teaching Hospital, 50-981 Wrocław, Poland
4Division of Anesthesiological and Surgical Nursing, Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
5Department of Surgery, 4th Military Teaching Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland