SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWneurology, nutrition

narrative_review·neurology, nutrition, dietetics, biomedical research, preclinical research·PMC10202336

Diet-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease

Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 3 authors, 2 centres

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This narrative review discusses evidence linking Alzheimer's disease pathology to the gut-brain axis, which is influenced by diet and gut microbiota. The central conclusion is that specific dietary patterns may help prevent or delay AD progression by modulating gut microbiota and its effects on inflammation and metabolism.

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This narrative review synthesizes existing literature on the diet-microbiota-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It discusses how gut microbiota composition differs between AD patients and cognitively normal individuals and how diet, a key modulator of gut microbiota, influences brain health. The review proposes mechanisms, including metabolites like short-chain fatty acids and inflammatory factors, by which the gut-brain axis may affect AD pathology and cognitive decline.

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narrative_review

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neurology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10202336

Diet-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease

Annals of nutrition & metabolism

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ABSTRACT

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, particularly in older adults, with clinical manifestations of progressive cognitive decline and functional impairment. The prevalence of AD and related dementia is mounting worldwide, but its etiology remains unresolved, with no available preventative or ameliorative therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota of patients with AD is different from cognitively normal counterparts. Summary: Communication between gut and brain (gut-brain axis) plays a crucial role in AD pathology. Bacteria inhabiting the gut strongly influence this gut-brain axis and thus may participate in AD pathology. Diet, one of the strongest modulators of gut microbiota, also strongly influences brain health and AD pathology. Gut microbiota metabolites including short-chain fatty acids, pro-inflammatory factors, and neurotransmitters may also affect AD pathogenesis and associated cognitive decline. Therefore, investigation of diet-microbiota-brain axis is important to better understand its contribution in AD pathology and its potential use as a target to prevent and treat AD. Herein, we discuss the link between AD and gut microbiota and ponder how microbiota modulation through nutritional approaches may offer avenues for discovering novel preventive and therapeutic strategies against AD. Key Message: A strong association exists between lifestyle factors and AD prevalence wherein unhealthy dietary factors have been linked to neurodegeneration. Specific prudent dietary patterns might help in preventing or delaying AD progression by affecting β-amyloid production and tau processing and regulating AD-associated inflammation, metabolism and oxidative stress, plausibly via modulating gut microbiota.

CITATION EXPORT

Halle J. Kincaid, Ravinder Nagpal, Hariom Yadav. Diet-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease. Annals of nutrition & metabolism. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1159/000515700

AUTHORS

3 · 2 CENTRES

Halle J. Kincaid, Ravinder Nagpal, Hariom Yadav

aDepartment of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;
bDepartment of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA