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TL;DR
The pigment alone yielded an IC50 of 208 µg/ml, while pigment combined with 10 Gy radiation reduced the IC50 to approximately 115 µg/ml, indicating enhanced anticancer activity through radiosensitization.
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · 4 authors, 2 centres
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The pigment alone yielded an IC50 of 208 µg/ml, while pigment combined with 10 Gy radiation reduced the IC50 to approximately 115 µg/ml, indicating enhanced anticancer activity through radiosensitization.
HEp-2 cells were treated with pigment alone, pigment combined with γ-radiation at 5, 10, or 15 Gy, or radiation alone. Cytotoxicity was also assessed against normal Vero cells. The pigment alone had an IC50 of 208 µg/ml, which decreased to approximately 115 µg/ml when combined with 10 Gy radiation, while 5 and 15 Gy combinations showed no enhanced activity. Pigment at 208 µg/ml induced approximately 50% total apoptosis with P53 upregulated 2.3-fold, Caspase 3 upregulated 1.84-fold, and Bcl-2 downregulated to 0.63-fold relative to untreated controls. The combination of 115 µg/ml pigment plus 10 Gy produced similar apoptosis (47.41%) with P53 at 2.53-fold and Caspase 3 at 2.0-fold. The pigment showed lower cytotoxicity against Vero cells (IC50 223 µg/ml).