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other·preclinical research, animal science, nutrition, biomedical research, food science·PMC10649396

Effect of Hermetia illucens Fat, Compared with That of Soybean Oil and Palm Oil, on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Plasma Metabolome in Healthy Rats

Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI · 8 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

Feed intake, body weight gain, liver and plasma lipid concentrations, and hepatic mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation did not differ between groups.

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Feed intake, body weight gain, liver and plasma lipid concentrations, and hepatic mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation did not differ between groups. Targeted plasma metabolomics revealed clear separation of the soybean oil group metabolome from the other two groups, but no separation between the palm oil and Hermetia fat groups. The study concludes that Hermetia fat exerts no adverse metabolic effects compared to palm oil or soybean oil in this model. Limitations include the short feeding period and the relatively low dietary fat level compared to typical human diets.

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preclinical research

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10649396

Effect of Hermetia illucens Fat, Compared with That of Soybean Oil and Palm Oil, on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Plasma Metabolome in Healthy Rats

Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Simple Summary Palm oil is currently the most widely used fat source for food production, but palm oil production is associated with severe environmental problems. Insect fat from Hermetia illucens larvae might be a suitable alternative fat source, because its production is more sustainable and less harmful to the environment. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of Hermetia fat, as compared to palm oil and soybean oil, on the hepatic lipid metabolism and the plasma metabolome of healthy rats, which were fed diets containing either soybean oil, palm oil, or Hermetia fat for 4 weeks. Growth performance, liver and plasma lipid concentrations, and the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation did not differ between groups. Plasma metabolomics revealed a clear separation of the plasma metabolomes of the soybean oil group and the other two groups, but not of those of the palm oil and the Hermetia fat group. The present study shows that Hermetia fat exerts no adverse effects on lipid metabolism and inflammatory gene expression in the liver of healthy rats compared to palm oil or soybean oil. Thus, the present findings indicate that Hermetia fat is a safe alternative fat source to palm oil for food production. Abstract Palm oil (PO) is currently the most widely used fat source for food production, but insect fat from Hermetia illucens larvae (HF) might be a suitable alternative fat source, because its production is less harmful to the environment. The present study investigated the effect of HF, as compared to PO and soybean oil (SO), on the hepatic lipid metabolism and the plasma metabolome of healthy rats, which were randomly assigned to three groups ( n = 10 rats/group), and fed three different semi-synthetic diets containing either SO, PO, or HF as the main fat source for 4 weeks. Feed intake, body weight gain, liver and plasma lipid concentrations, and the hepatic mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation did not differ between groups. Targeted plasma metabolomics revealed 294 out of 630 metabolites analyzed to be different between groups. Principal component analysis showed a clear separation of the plasma metabolomes of the SO group and the other two groups, but no separation of those of the PO and the HF groups. The present study shows that HF exerts no adverse metabolic effects in healthy rats, compared to PO or SO, indicating that HF is a safe alternative fat source to PO for food production. Keywords: insect fat, Hermetia illucens , soybean oil, palm oil, hepatic lipid metabolism, plasma metabolome, healthy rats

CITATION EXPORT

Robert Ringseis, Magdalena J M Marschall, Sarah M Grundmann et al.. Effect of Hermetia illucens Fat, Compared with That of Soybean Oil and Palm Oil, on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Plasma Metabolome in Healthy Rats. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213356

AUTHORS

8 · 3 CENTRES

Robert Ringseis, Magdalena J M Marschall, Sarah M Grundmann, Sven Schuchardt, Erika Most, Denise K Gessner, Gaiping Wen, Klaus Eder

1Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; [email protected] (R.R.); [email protected] (M.J.M.M.); [email protected] (S.M.G.); [email protected] (E.M.); [email protected] (D.K.G.); [email protected] (G.W.)
2Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; [email protected]
3Center for Sustainable Food Systems, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senkenbergstraße 3, 35390 Giessen, Germany