SEARCHRCTpediatrics, cardiology

RCT·pediatrics, cardiology, endocrinology, public health, clinical trial·PMC10375312

Effects of an Exercise Program on Cardiometabolic and Mental Health in Children With Overweight or Obesity

JAMA Network Open · 16 authors, 15 centres

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TL;DR

This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial tested a 20-week aerobic and resistance exercise program in children with overweight or obesity. The program improved cardiometabolic health markers but had no effect on mental health outcomes.

Full summary

754 CHARS

This study is a secondary analysis of a parallel-group randomized clinical trial conducted in Granada, Spain. The trial included 92 children with overweight or obesity (mean age 10.0 years) who were assigned to a 20-week exercise program or a wait-list control group. The exercise program consisted of 3 to 5 sessions per week of aerobic plus resistance training. No significant effects were observed for any mental health outcomes. Limitations include the relatively small, nonrepresentative sample size and that some evaluators were not blinded to group allocation. The findings suggest that this exercise program can improve cardiometabolic health in children with overweight or obesity, but the effect on mental health requires further investigation.

STUDY TYPE

RCT

SPECIALTY

pediatrics

SUMMARISED BY

AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10375312

Effects of an Exercise Program on Cardiometabolic and Mental Health in Children With Overweight or Obesity

JAMA Network Open

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Importance Childhood obesity is a risk factor associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental disorders later in life. Investigation of the parallel effects of a defined exercise program on cardiometabolic and mental health in children with overweight or obesity may provide new insights on the potential benefits of exercise on overall health. Objective To investigate the effects of a 20-week exercise program on cardiometabolic and mental health in children with overweight or obesity. Design, Setting, and Participants This secondary analysis of a parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Granada, Spain, from November 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016. Data analyses were performed between February 1, 2020, and July 14, 2022. Children with overweight or obesity aged 8 to 11 years were eligible, and the study was performed in an out-of-school context. Intervention The exercise program included 3 to 5 sessions/wk (90 min/session) of aerobic plus resistance training for 20 weeks. The wait-list control group continued with their usual routines. Main Outcomes and Measures Cardiometabolic outcomes as specified in the trial protocol included body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass, and visceral adipose tissue), physical fitness (cardiorespiratory, speed-agility, and muscular), and traditional risk factors (waist circumference, blood lipid levels, glucose levels, insulin levels, and blood pressure). Cardiometabolic risk score ( z score) was calculated based on age and sex reference values for levels of triglycerides, inverted high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose, the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. An additional cardiometabolic risk score also included cardiorespiratory fitness. Mental health outcomes included an array of psychological well-being and ill-being indicators. Results The 92 participants included in the per-protocol analyses (36 girls [39%] and 56 boys [61%]) had a mean (SD) age of 10.0 (1.1) years. The exercise program reduced the cardiometabolic risk score by approximately 0.38 (95% CI, −0.74 to −0.02) SDs; decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level by −7.00 (95% CI, −14.27 to 0.37) mg/dL (to convert to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259), body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) by −0.59 (95% CI, −1.06 to −0.12), fat mass index by −0.67 (95% CI, −1.01 to −0.33), and visceral adipose tissue by −31.44 (95% CI, −58.99 to −3.90) g; and improved cardiorespiratory fitness by 2.75 (95% CI, 0.22-5.28) laps in the exercise group compared with the control group. No effects were observed on mental health outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance In this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, an aerobic plus resistance exercise program improved cardiometabolic health in children with overweight or obesity but had no effect on mental health. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02295072

CITATION EXPORT

Jairo H Migueles, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, David R Lubans et al.. Effects of an Exercise Program on Cardiometabolic and Mental Health in Children With Overweight or Obesity. JAMA Network Open. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24839

AUTHORS

16 · 15 CENTRES

Jairo H Migueles, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, David R Lubans, Pontus Henriksson, Lucia V Torres-Lopez, María Rodriguez-Ayllon, Abel Plaza-Florido, Jose J Gil-Cosano, Hanna Henriksson, María Victoria Escolano-Margarit, José Gómez-Vida, José Maldonado, Marie Löf, Jonatan R Ruiz, Idoia Labayen, Francisco B Ortega

1Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
2Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
3CIBER (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red) de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
4Department of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
5Palo Alto Health Care System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
6Centre for Active Living and Learning, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
7Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
8Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
9Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
10Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine
11Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Dos Hermanas, Sevilla, Spain
12Department of Pediatrics. San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
13Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
14Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
15Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain