Effects of mental contrasting on sleep and associations with stress: A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Health Psychology · 7 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

Results showed no statistically significant group-by-week interaction for sleep duration or quality, indicating the MCII component did not add benefit over sleep hygiene alone.

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Results showed no statistically significant group-by-week interaction for sleep duration or quality, indicating the MCII component did not add benefit over sleep hygiene alone. Limitations included the lack of a passive control group and a short intervention time frame.

STUDY TYPE

RCT

SPECIALTY

psychiatry

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10492430

Effects of mental contrasting on sleep and associations with stress: A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Health Psychology

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) has been successfully applied to improve health-related behaviors (e.g. exercise). We explored its effectiveness to improve sleep outcomes beyond effects of sleep hygiene (SH) information, and investigated associations with stress. Eighty university employees (mean age: 29.6, SD = 4.5) were randomized to either a MCII + SH or a SH-only condition. During a baseline-week and a post-intervention week, sleep duration (Fitbit Alta and self-report), sleep quality, and stress were assessed daily and saliva was collected to assess the cortisol awakening response (CAR). In total, self-reported sleep quality and duration increased, but there was no meaningful condition*week interaction for sleep parameters or CAR. Higher average stress was associated with shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality. Within-person, days with higher stress were followed by nights with lower sleep quality. Despite overall improvements, effects of MCII were not confirmed. MCII might be less effective to improve behaviors which are less controllable. Keywords: cortisol awakening response, mental contrasting with implementation intentions, sleep duration, sleep quality, stress

CITATION EXPORT

Laura I Schmidt, Andreas B Neubauer, Martin Stoffel et al.. Effects of mental contrasting on sleep and associations with stress: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Health Psychology. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053231159168

AUTHORS

7 · 2 CENTRES

Laura I Schmidt, Andreas B Neubauer, Martin Stoffel, Beate Ditzen, Jana Schirmaier, Claudia Farrenkopf, Monika Sieverding

1Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany
2DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Germany