SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWophthalmology, retina

narrative_review·ophthalmology, retina, preclinical research, biomedical research·PMC10842193

Experimental and mathematical approaches for drug delivery for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 3 authors, 6 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes various preclinical drug delivery systems and mathematical models aimed at improving anti-VEGF treatment for wet AMD.

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This narrative review covers preclinical drug delivery systems (particulates, hydrogels, implants, composites) and mathematical models for anti-VEGF treatment of wet AMD. It describes how polymer material and preparation influence drug release profiles and notes that mathematical modeling can optimize system development. Models for diffusion, swelling, and erosion-controlled release are summarized, along with ocular pharmacokinetic models. A central limitation is that model validation relies heavily on animal data due to scarce human ocular concentration data. The review concludes that coupling drug release and pharmacokinetic models is a promising but complex path toward developing more efficient long-term delivery systems to reduce injection frequency.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10842193

Experimental and mathematical approaches for drug delivery for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

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ABSTRACT

Several chronic eye diseases affect the posterior segment of the eye. Among them age-related macular degeneration can cause vision loss if left untreated and is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in the world. Most treatments are based on intravitreally injected therapeutics that inhibit the action of vascular endothelial growth factor. However, due to the need for monthly injections, this method is associated with poor patient compliance. To address this problem, numerous drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been developed. This review covers a selection of particulate systems, non-stimuli responsive hydrogels, implants, and composite systems that have been developed in the last few decades. Depending on the type of DDS, polymer material, and preparation method, different mechanical properties and drug release profiles can be achieved. Furthermore, DDS development can be optimized by implementing mathematical modeling of both drug release and pharmacokinetic aspects. Several existing mathematical models for diffusion-controlled, swelling-controlled, and erosion-controlled drug delivery from polymeric systems are summarized. Compartmental and physiologically based models for ocular drug transport and pharmacokinetics that have studied drug concentration profiles after intravitreal delivery or release from a DDS are also reviewed. The coupling of drug release models with ocular pharmacokinetic models can lead to obtaining much more efficient DDSs for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration and other diseases of the posterior segment of the eye.

CITATION EXPORT

Eduardo A. Chacin Ruiz, Katelyn E. Swindle-Reilly, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt. Experimental and mathematical approaches for drug delivery for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.021

AUTHORS

3 · 6 CENTRES

Eduardo A. Chacin Ruiz, Katelyn E. Swindle-Reilly, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt

aDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
bWilliam G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
cDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
dDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
eDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
fInstitute for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA