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other·ophthalmology, retina, preclinical research, biomedical research·PMC10868720

Expression patterns of CYP26A1, FGF8, CDKN1A , and NPVF in the developing rhesus monkey retina

Differentiation; research in biological diversity · 5 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

The authors systematically characterized expression patterns of four candidate foveal markers in rhesus monkey retinas spanning the first trimester through the third trimester using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Only CYP26A1 was enriched in the fovea across developmental stages, while FGF8 was not enriched and CDKN1A and NPVF were expressed broadly by Müller glia rather than being fovea-specific.

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This descriptive developmental biology study characterized expression patterns of CYP26A1, FGF8, CDKN1A, and NPVF in the rhesus monkey retina from early embryonic stages through the third trimester using whole-mount and section in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry. Three biological replicates were used for morphological measurements, with Student's T-test for statistical analyses. The authors found that CYP26A1 is highly enriched in foveal retinal progenitor cells during early development and later localizes to RLBP1-positive macular Müller glia cells. In contrast, FGF8 was not enriched in the developing fovea at any gestational age, CDKN1A and NPVF colocalized with RLBP1 in Müller glia, and these latter two markers showed broader expression extending to both temporal and nasal retina by later developmental stages.

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other

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ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10868720

Expression patterns of CYP26A1, FGF8, CDKN1A , and NPVF in the developing rhesus monkey retina

Differentiation; research in biological diversity

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ABSTRACT

The fovea centralis (fovea) is a specialized region of the primate retina that plays crucial roles in high-resolution visual acuity and color perception. The fovea is characterized by a high density of cone photoreceptors and no rods, and unique anatomical properties that contribute to its remarkable visual capabilities. Early histological analyses identified some of the key events that contribute to foveal development, but the mechanisms that direct the specification of this area are not understood. Recently, the expression of the retinoic acid-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 has become a hallmark of some of the retinal specializations found in vertebrates, including the primate fovea and the high-acuity area in avian species. In chickens, the retinoic acid pathway regulates the expression of FGF8 to then direct the development of a rod-free area. Similarly, high levels of CYP26A1, CDKN1A, and NPVF expression have been observed in the primate macula using transcriptomic approaches. However, which retinal cells express these genes and their expression dynamics in the developing primate eye remain unknown. Here, we systematically characterize the expression patterns of CYP26A1, FGF8, CDKN1A , and NPVF during the development of the rhesus monkey retina, from early stages of development in the first trimester until the third trimester (near term). Our data suggest that some of the markers previously proposed to be fovea-specific are not enriched in the progenitors of the rhesus monkey fovea. In contrast, CYP26A1 is expressed at high levels in the progenitors of the fovea, while it localizes in a subpopulation of macular Müller glia cells later in development. Together these data provide invaluable insights into the expression dynamics of several molecules in the nonhuman primate retina and highlight the developmental advancement of the foveal region.

CITATION EXPORT

Miranda R. Krueger, Elizabeth Fishman-Williams, Sergi Simó et al.. Expression patterns of CYP26A1, FGF8, CDKN1A, and NPVF in the developing rhesus monkey retina. Differentiation; research in biological diversity. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diff.2023.100743

AUTHORS

5 · 3 CENTRES

Miranda R. Krueger, Elizabeth Fishman-Williams, Sergi Simó, Alice F. Tarantal, Anna La Torre

aDepartment of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
bDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
cCalifornia National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States