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cohort·geriatrics, epidemiology, neurology, internal medicine, family medicine·PMC10823623

Factors affecting cognitive frailty improvement and progression in Taiwanese older adults

BMC Geriatrics · 6 authors, 6 centres

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TL;DR

This 2-year prospective cohort study identified three cognitive frailty trajectories (robust, improvement, progression) in 482 Taiwanese older adults. After adjusting for baseline state, progression was significantly associated with older age, poorer balance, slower gait, and having four or more comorbidities.

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A 2-year prospective cohort study examined factors associated with cognitive frailty (CF) trajectories in 482 Taiwanese older adults who completed two annual follow-ups. Group-based trajectory modeling identified three trajectories: robust, improvement, and progression. Multinomial logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for the baseline CF state, found that CF progression was significantly associated with older age (OR=1.08), lower Tinetti balance scores (OR=0.72), slower gait velocity (OR=0.98), and having four or more comorbidities (OR=2.65) compared to one or no comorbidities. The study highlights that physical function and comorbidity burden are key contributors to CF progression in older adults.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

geriatrics

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AI pipeline

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10823623

Factors affecting cognitive frailty improvement and progression in Taiwanese older adults

BMC Geriatrics

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Knowledge of predictors of cognitive frailty (CF) trajectories is required to develop preventive strategies to delay or reverse the progression from CF to dementia and other adverse outcomes. This 2-year prospective study aimed to investigate factors affecting the progression and improvement of CF in older Taiwanese adults. Methods In total, 832 community-dwelling people aged ≥ 65 years were eligible. Fried’s five frailty criteria were used to measure prefrailty and frailty, while cognitive performance was assessed by the Clinical Dementia Rating and Mini-Mental State Examination. Each component of reversible CF and potentially reversible CF was assigned a score, with a total score ranging 0 to 5 points. Two annual follow-up CF assessments were conducted. The group-based trajectory model was applied to identify latent CF trajectory groups, and a multinomial logistic regression was used to examine relationships of explanatory variables with CF trajectories. Results According to data on 482 subjects who completed the two annual follow-ups, three CF trajectories of robust, improvement, and progression were identified. After adjusting for the baseline CF state, CF progression was significantly associated with an older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 ~ 1.14), a lower Tinetti balance score (OR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54 ~ 0.96), a slower gait (OR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97 ~ 0.99), and four or more comorbidities (OR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.19 ~ 5.90), while CF improvement was not significantly associated with any variable except the baseline CF state. In contrast, without adjusting for the baseline CF state, CF progression was significantly associated with an older age, female sex, balance scores, gait velocity, regular exercise, the number of comorbidities, and depression, while CF improvement was significantly associated with female sex, balance scores, and the number of comorbidities. Conclusions The baseline CF state, an older age, poorer balance, slower gait, and a high number of comorbidities may contribute to CF progression, while the baseline CF state may account for associations of engaging in regular exercise and depression with CF development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-024-04700-3. Keywords: Cognitive frailty, Older adults, Risk factor, Trajectory, Taiwan

CITATION EXPORT

Lalu Suprawesta, Sy-Jou Chen, Hui-Yu Liang et al.. Factors affecting cognitive frailty improvement and progression in Taiwanese older adults. BMC Geriatrics. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04700-3

AUTHORS

6 · 6 CENTRES

Lalu Suprawesta, Sy-Jou Chen, Hui-Yu Liang, Hei-Fen Hwang, Wen-Yu Yu, Mau-Roung Lin

1Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan, ROC
2Department of Sport and Health Education, Faculty of Sport Science and Public Health, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia
3Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
4Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
5Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
6Programs in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC