SEARCHOTHERcardiology, nutrition

other·cardiology, nutrition, preclinical research, animal science, biomedical research·PMC10199921

Ginger essential oil and citral ameliorates atherosclerosis in ApoE −/− mice by modulating trimethylamine-N-oxide and gut microbiota

NPJ Science of Food · 15 authors, 11 centres

AI SUMMARY

FIDELITY 100%

This summary was generated by AI from a single paper. It has not been reviewed by a clinician and is not clinical advice. Verify against the source before acting on it.

AGENT 01 · STRUCTURED SUMMARY

TRACE TO SOURCE

“

TL;DR

In a preclinical study, female ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet with L-carnitine to induce atherosclerosis were treated with ginger essential oil (GEO) or its component citral. Both treatments reduced atherosclerotic lesions, lowered plasma TMAO, and improved gut microbiota composition.

Full summary

611 CHARS

The study used female ApoE−/− mice fed a GAN diet with L-carnitine to induce atherosclerosis, treating them with ginger essential oil (GEO) or its bioactive compound citral. Results showed that GEO and citral inhibited atherosclerotic lesion formation, improved plasma lipid profile by increasing HDL-C, reduced blood sugar and insulin resistance, decreased plasma TMAO and inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, and modulated gut microbiota diversity and composition. The findings suggest GEO and citral may have potential as dietary supplements for cardiovascular disease prevention via gut microbiota modulation.

STUDY TYPE

other

SPECIALTY

cardiology

SUMMARISED BY

AI pipeline

FIDELITY CHECK

100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10199921

Ginger essential oil and citral ameliorates atherosclerosis in ApoE −/− mice by modulating trimethylamine-N-oxide and gut microbiota

NPJ Science of Food

READ THE FULL PAPER

ABSTRACT

Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), has gained considerable research attention. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is formed during ʟ-carnitine metabolism, promotes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, causing thrombosis. Here, we elucidated the anti-atherosclerotic effect and mechanism of ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil (GEO) and its bioactive compound citral in Gubra Amylin NASH (GAN) diet with ʟ-carnitine-induced atherosclerosis female ApoE −/− mice. Treatment with GEO at both low and high doses and citral inhibited the formation of aortic atherosclerotic lesions, improved plasma lipid profile, reduced blood sugar, improved insulin resistance, decreased plasma TMAO levels, and inhibited plasma inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-1β. Additionally, GEO and citral treatment modulated gut microbiota diversity and composition by increasing the abundance of beneficial microbes and decreasing the abundance of CVD-related microbes. Overall, these results showed that GEO and citral may serve as potential dietary supplements for CVD prevention by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis.

CITATION EXPORT

Suraphan Panyod, Wei-Kai Wu, Sin-Yi Peng et al.. Ginger essential oil and citral ameliorates atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice by modulating trimethylamine-N-oxide and gut microbiota. NPJ Science of Food. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-023-00196-0

AUTHORS

15 · 11 CENTRES

Suraphan Panyod, Wei-Kai Wu, Sin-Yi Peng, Yea-Jing Tseng, Ya-Chi Hsieh, Rou-An Chen, Huai-Syuan Huang, Yi-Hsun Chen, Hsiao-Li Chuang, Cheng-Chih Hsu, Ting-Chin David Shen, Kai-Chien Yang, Chi-Tang Ho, Ming-Shiang Wu, Lee-Yan Sheen

1grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
2grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
3grid.412094.a0000 0004 0572 7815Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
4grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
5grid.36020.370000 0000 8889 3720National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
6grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
7grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA USA
8grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
9grid.430387.b0000 0004 1936 8796Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA
10grid.412094.a0000 0004 0572 7815Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
11grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241National Center for Food Safety Education and Research, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC