Household dietary diversity across regions in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian socio-economic survey data

PLOS ONE · 8 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 3,115 rural Ethiopian households to determine household dietary diversity and its key drivers. It found that wealth, education, location, and household head characteristics significantly influenced dietary diversity, with female-headed and more educated households having higher odds of diverse diets.

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This study analyzed cross-sectional data from the 4th wave of the Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey for 3,115 rural households. Researchers calculated the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) and used an ordinal logistic regression model to identify its determinants. Key findings include that female-headed households had 38% higher odds of diverse diets compared to male-headed households, and households with a head having secondary education or above had 62% higher odds compared to uneducated heads. Wealth was a major factor, with upper-wealth households having 8.54 times the odds of diverse diets compared to lower-wealth households.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

nutrition

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10075445

Household dietary diversity across regions in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian socio-economic survey data

PLOS ONE

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Household food and nutrition insecurity continued to be a development and policy agenda in Ethiopia. Assessing the patterns and determinants of household dietary diversity is an important area of research given its importance for policy uptake in the country. This study is, therefore, initiated to identify the dominant food groups consumed by households and to investigate the determinants of household dietary diversity in the country. Method We used data from the 4 th wave of the Ethiopian socioeconomic survey. The survey data for this study included 3,115 households living in rural areas (hereafter called ‘rural households’). Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) was calculated and categorized as per the FAO’s recommendation: low HDDS category for those who consume three or less food groups, medium HDDS for those who consume four to six, and high HDDS for those who consume seven and more food groups during the past seven days. Ordinal logistic regression model was employed to estimate the determinants of rural household’s dietary diversity. Results Cereals were the most dominant food group consumed by 96.4% of the households followed by pulses, which was consumed by 82% of the households Nutrition-dense food commodities such as lean meat, vegetables and fruits were the least consumed food groups by households in Ethiopia. In terms of determinants of dietary diversity, female headed households have 38% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to their male-headed counterparts (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.73). Household heads who completed secondary education and above have 62% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to uneducated household heads (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.30). Household heads who are single have 37% less chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those household heads who are married (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.80). Those households located in Harari regional state and in the rural surroundings of Diredawa town have 6.56 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households living in Tigray and Amhara regional states (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 4.60, 9.37). The results also highlighted that households who are in the upper wealth category have 9 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households who are the lower wealth category (AOR = 8.54, 95% CI: 6.79, 11.98).

CITATION EXPORT

Workicho Jateno, Bamlaku Alamirew Alemu, Maru Shete et al.. Household dietary diversity across regions in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian socio-economic survey data. PLOS ONE. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283496

AUTHORS

8 · 4 CENTRES

Workicho Jateno, Bamlaku Alamirew Alemu, Maru Shete, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi

1College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
2Yom Institute of Economic Development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
3Department of Development Economics and Management, Ethiopian Civil Service University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4Madda Walabu University, ETHIOPIA