SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALpublic health, nutrition

cross-sectional·public health, nutrition, epidemiology, family medicine·PMC10096288

Household food insecurity and associated factors in South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

PLOS ONE · 9 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This community-based cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with household food insecurity in South Ari district, Ethiopia.

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This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021 in South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia, using two-stage sampling to survey 717 households. The primary analysis used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with household food insecurity, as measured by a 30-day recall. The prevalence of food insecurity was 44.8%. The study's limitations include potential recall bias for events in the past 30 days. The findings suggest a need for interventions targeting family planning, agricultural productivity, and social safety net programs to improve food security in the district.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

public health

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10096288

Household food insecurity and associated factors in South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

PLOS ONE

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ABSTRACT

Background Household food insecurity is a major public health problem in Ethiopia despite the presence of various interventions implemented by the government. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the prevalence and responsible factors in Ethiopia, specifically in the South Ari district. This study, therefore, aimed to assess household food insecurity and associated factors in South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was employed from March 11 to April 11, 2021, at South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia. A two-stage sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 717 households. Data were checked and entered into Epi-Data V3.2., and exported to SPSS V25.0 for data exploration and analysis. Variables with a p-value <0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were candidates for multivariable logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to determine factors associated with household food insecurity. Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic was used to check model fitness and was satisfied. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine the strength of association. P-value <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Result The prevalence of household food insecurity was 44.8% (95% CI: 41.1%, 48.5%). Larger family size (8 and above) (AOR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.30), high dependency ratio (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.67, 4.40), medium dependency ratio (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.62), poor wealth index (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.46), not using agricultural extension service (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.57, 3.23), and non-beneficiary of productive safety net program (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.87) were factors significantly associated with household food insecurity. Conclusions The findings of this study showed a significant proportion of households were food insecure in South Ari District. Larger family size, high and medium dependency ratio, poor wealth index, not using agricultural extension service, and non-beneficiary of productive safety net program were significant risk factors associated with household food insecurity. Therefore, rigorous work is highly needed to enhance income-generating activities, strengthen agricultural productivity, expand the productive safety net program, and limit population pressure through improved family planning use.

CITATION EXPORT

Temesgen Mohammed Toma, Kassahun Tamene Andargie, Rahel Abera Alula et al.. Household food insecurity and associated factors in South Ari district, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284252

AUTHORS

9 · 4 CENTRES

Temesgen Mohammed Toma, Kassahun Tamene Andargie, Rahel Abera Alula, Bahiru Mulatu Kebede, Mintesinot Melka Gujo, Jayanta Kumar Bora, Jayanta Kumar Bora, Jayanta Kumar Bora, Jayanta Kumar Bora

1 Department of Public Health, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
2 Department of Nursing, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
3 Southern Region Health Bureau Public Health Institute, Hawassa, Ethiopia
VART Consulting PVT LTD, INDIA

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Jayanta Kumar Bora