SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWoncology, immunology

narrative_review·oncology, immunology, preclinical research, biomedical research·PMC10047923

Human β-Defensins in Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancers

Cells · 5 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes existing evidence on human beta-defensin (hBD) expression patterns in head and neck cancers. It finds that hBD-1 and hBD-2 are generally downregulated, while hBD-3 is upregulated, but this evidence is limited to oral squamous cell carcinoma.

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This narrative review synthesizes literature on human β-defensins (hBDs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers for head and neck cancers, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma. The authors report a pattern where hBD-1 and hBD-2 expression is downregulated, while hBD-3 expression is upregulated in head and neck cancers, though they note this conclusion is constrained to a single cancer subtype. The authors conclude that while hBDs show promise, the current evidence is limited and not sufficient to establish general diagnostic principles.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

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oncology

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10047923

Human β-Defensins in Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancers

Cells

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Head and neck cancers are malignant growths with high death rates, which makes the early diagnosis of the affected patients of utmost importance. Over 90% of oral cavity cancers come from squamous cells, and the tongue, oral cavity, and salivary glands are the most common locations for oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Human β-defensins (hBDs), which are mainly produced by epithelial cells, are cationic peptides with a wide antimicrobial spectrum. In addition to their role in antimicrobial defense, these peptides also take part in the regulation of the immune response. Recent studies produced evidence that these small antimicrobial peptides are related to the gene and protein expression profiles of tumors. While the suppression of hBDs is a common finding in head and neck cancer studies, opposite findings were also presented. In the present narrative review, the aim will be to discuss the changes in the hBD expression profile during the onset and progression of head and neck cancers. The final aim will be to discuss the use of hBDs as diagnostic markers of head and neck cancers. Keywords: antimicrobial peptides, human beta-defensins, cancer, diagnosis, immune response

CITATION EXPORT

Jenna Kompuinen, Mutlu Keskin, Dogukan Yilmaz et al.. Human β-Defensins in Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancers. Cells. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12060830

AUTHORS

5 · 4 CENTRES

Jenna Kompuinen, Mutlu Keskin, Dogukan Yilmaz, Mervi Gürsoy, Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy

1Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
2Oral and Dental Health Department, Altınbaş University, İstanbul 34147, Turkey
3Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54050, Turkey
4Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, 20101 Turku, Finland