SEARCHCOHORTcardiology, epidemiology

cohort·cardiology, epidemiology, internal medicine, public health, observational study·PMC10543802

Hypertension, uncontrolled hypertension and resistant hypertension: prevalence, comorbidities and prescribed medications in 228,406 adults resident in urban areas. A population-based observational study

Internal and Emergency Medicine · 9 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

This population-based observational study analyzed medical records for 228,406 adults in Italy and found that 19.06% had a hypertension diagnosis, but only 51.2% of those with recent blood pressure measurements had controlled blood pressure.

Full summary

454 CHARS

This retrospective observational study used medical records from 228,406 adults in Verona, Italy, to analyze hypertension prevalence and control. A key finding was that 38.09% of hypertensive patients lacked blood pressure measurements in the last two years. The study's observational design and reliance on routine clinical data limit causal inference, and the absence of data on drug classes and white coat hypertension may affect prevalence estimates.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

cardiology

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10543802

Hypertension, uncontrolled hypertension and resistant hypertension: prevalence, comorbidities and prescribed medications in 228,406 adults resident in urban areas. A population-based observational study

Internal and Emergency Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Although hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide, it remains difficult to control. The prevalence of uncontrolled and resistant hypertension (RH) may be underestimated and can reach up to 50% of all hypertensive patients. The aim of this observational study was to analyze the prevalence of hypertension, uncontrolled hypertension and RH, and their associations with risk factors or diseases in a large cohort of patients referred to primary care physician. In a population of 228406 adults, we only collected data from people with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension for a total of 43,526 patients. For this purpose, we used the MySQL database, run by Azalea.NET, built on the medical records of 150 General Practitioners (GPs). Patient data included sex, age, blood pressure (BP) values, number of antihypertensive drugs and presence of major cardiovascular comorbidities. We classified patients with RH as those treated with 3 different antihypertensive agents, with recorded BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg, or patients taking ≥ 4 medications. The prevalence of hypertension was 19.06%, that of resistant hypertension was 2.46% of the whole population and 20.85% of the hypertensive group. Thirteen thousand hundred, forty-six patients (30.20% of the hypertensive group) had uncontrolled BP (≥ 140/90 mmHg), whereas 16,577 patients did not have BP measurements done in the last 2 years (38.09% of the hypertensive group). Patients with uncontrolled BP were mainly female, used less drugs and showed a lower prevalence of all major cardiovascular comorbidities, except for diabetes. Instead, patients with RH had a significantly higher prevalence of all considered comorbidities compared to those without RH. Our results evidence that a broad number of patients with hypertension, especially those without comorbidities or with a low number of antihypertensive drugs, do not achieve adequate BP control. To improve the clinical management of these patients it is very important to increase the collaboration between GPs and clinical specialists of hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, Antihypertensive therapy, Blood pressure control, Resistant hypertension, Uncontrolled hypertension, Population

CITATION EXPORT

Simone Romano, Giulio Rigon, Martina Albrigi et al.. Hypertension, uncontrolled hypertension and resistant hypertension: prevalence, comorbidities and prescribed medications in 228,406 adults resident in urban areas. A population-based observational study. Internal and Emergency Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-023-03376-8

AUTHORS

9 · 2 CENTRES

Simone Romano, Giulio Rigon, Martina Albrigi, Giacomo Tebaldi, Andrea Sartorio, Luca Cristin, Giulia Burrei, Cristiano Fava, Pietro Minuz

1Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
2FIMMG Study Centre Verona, Verona, Italy