SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALepidemiology, public health

cross-sectional·epidemiology, public health, cardiology, endocrinology, internal medicine·PMC10016250

Identifying the prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity in middle-aged men and women: a cross-sectional population-based study in four African countries

BMJ Open · 19 authors, 16 centres

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TL;DR

Age and body mass index were key risk factors associated with multimorbidity for both sexes.

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Age and body mass index were independently associated with a higher risk of multimorbidity in both sexes. The most common disease combination across all sites was dyslipidaemia with hypertension.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

epidemiology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10016250

Identifying the prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity in middle-aged men and women: a cross-sectional population-based study in four African countries

BMJ Open

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence of multimorbidity, to identify which chronic conditions cluster together and to identify factors associated with a greater risk for multimorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design Cross-sectional, multicentre, population-based study. Setting Six urban and rural communities in four sub-Saharan African countries. Participants Men (n=4808) and women (n=5892) between the ages of 40 and 60 years from the AWI-Gen study. Measures Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, and multimorbidity as defined by the presence of two or more of the following conditions: HIV infection, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, asthma, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension. Results Multimorbidity prevalence was higher in women compared with men (47.2% vs 35%), and higher in South African men and women compared with their East and West African counterparts. The most common disease combination at all sites was dyslipidaemia and hypertension, with this combination being more prevalent in South African women than any single disease (25% vs 21.6%). Age and body mass index were associated with a higher risk of multimorbidity in men and women; however, lifestyle correlates such as smoking and physical activity were different between the sexes. Conclusions The high prevalence of multimorbidity in middle-aged adults in SSA is of concern, with women currently at higher risk. This prevalence is expected to increase in men, as well as in the East and West African region with the ongoing epidemiological transition. Identifying common disease clusters and correlates of multimorbidity is critical to providing effective interventions. Keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY, PUBLIC HEALTH, Lipid disorders

CITATION EXPORT

Lisa K Micklesfield, Richard Munthali, Godfred Agongo et al.. Identifying the prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity in middle-aged men and women: a cross-sectional population-based study in four African countries. BMJ Open. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067788

AUTHORS

19 · 16 CENTRES

Lisa K Micklesfield, Richard Munthali, Godfred Agongo, Gershim Asiki, Palwende Boua, Solomon SR Choma, Nigel J Crowther, June Fabian, Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Chodziwadziwa Kabudula, Eric Maimela, Shukri F Mohamed, Engelbert A Nonterah, Frederick J Raal, Hermann Sorgho, Furahini D Tluway, Alisha N Wade, Shane A Norris, Michele Ramsay

1 SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
2 Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C.K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
3 Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana
4 African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
5 Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
6 Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
7 Department of Public Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
8 Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
9 Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
10 South African Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
11 Health and Systems for Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
12 Julius Global Health, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
13 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
14 Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
15 Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
16 School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK