BMC Oral Health · 7 authors, 7 centres
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This randomized study compared an Okinawa/Nordic diet to a standard hospital diet in adults with type 2 diabetes over one month. The test diet led to greater improvements in weight loss, blood pressure, and levels of specific inflammatory cytokines, while both diets improved blood sugar control and gingival inflammation.
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 30 individuals with type 2 diabetes, assigning them to either an Okinawa/Nordic-based diet (OBND, n=14) or a standard hospital diet (n=16) for 30 days. The primary objective was to compare effects on endocrinological and periodontal parameters. Both groups showed significant within-group reductions in body weight, BMI, HbA1c, and gingival bleeding on probing (BOP). However, the OBND group exhibited significantly greater reductions in mean weight (4.1 kg vs. 1.3 kg), BMI, and blood pressure compared to the control group. The OBND group also showed unique reductions in serum levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNγ, IL-9, and MCP-1. The study's central result was a correlation between the reduction in serum HbA1c and the improvement in gingival inflammation (BOP scores). Limitations include the short 30-day study period and a small sample size, which may be insufficient to observe longer-term changes in some parameters like clinical attachment levels. The findings suggest the OBND may offer specific advantages for weight management, blood pressure, and systemic inflammation in T2D patients.
