SEARCHCOHORTinternal medicine, infectious disease

cohort·internal medicine, infectious disease, epidemiology, critical care, nutrition·PMC10381082

Impact of body composition on patient prognosis after SARS-Cov-2 infection

PLOS ONE · 12 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

This cohort study of 76 Japanese COVID-19 patients found that higher body weight, BMI, and visceral fat were linked to more severe disease but not mortality, while higher intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) was a predictor for severity specifically in non-obese patients.

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This single-center cohort study examined the relationship between body composition and COVID-19 prognosis in 76 Japanese patients. Severe cases, defined by the need for mechanical ventilation, had significantly higher body weight, BMI, and VFA compared to non-severe cases. However, these parameters did not predict mortality. A key finding was that within the non-obese group, severe cases had significantly higher IMAC than non-severe cases, suggesting IMAC may be a useful predictor of disease severity in non-obese individuals.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

internal medicine

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10381082

Impact of body composition on patient prognosis after SARS-Cov-2 infection

PLOS ONE

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ABSTRACT

Background Since the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has been reported that several factors, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, have close relationships with a severe clinical course. However, the relationship between body composition and the prognosis of COVID-19 has not yet been fully studied. Methods The present study enrolled 76 consecutive COVID-19 patients with computed tomography (CT) scans from the chest to the pelvis at admission. The patients who needed intubation and mechanical ventilation were defined as severe cases. Patients were categorized into four groups according to their body mass index (BMI). The degree of hepatic steatosis was estimated by the liver/spleen (L/S) ratio of the CT values. Visceral fat area (VFA), psoas muscle area (PMA), psoas muscle mass index (PMI), and intra-muscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) were measured by CT scan tracing. These parameters were compared between non-severe and severe cases. Results Severe patients had significantly higher body weight, higher BMI, and greater VFA than non-severe patients. However, these parameters did not have an effect on disease mortality. Furthermore, severe cases had higher IMAC than non-severe cases in the non-obese group. Conclusions Our data suggest high IMAC can be a useful predictor for severe disease courses of COVID-19 in non-obese Japanese patients, however, it does not predict either disease severity in obese patients or mortality in any obesity grade.

CITATION EXPORT

Takayuki Yamamoto, Kazushi Sugimoto, Syuhei Ichikawa et al.. Impact of body composition on patient prognosis after SARS-Cov-2 infection. PLOS ONE. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289206

AUTHORS

12 · 5 CENTRES

Takayuki Yamamoto, Kazushi Sugimoto, Syuhei Ichikawa, Kei Suzuki, Hideki Wakabayashi, Kaoru Dohi, Norihiko Yamamoto, Jun Mori, Jun Mori, Jun Mori, Jun Mori, Jun Mori

1 Department of General Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
3 Department of Infectious Disease, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
4 Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
Osaka City General Hospital, Children’s Medical Center, JAPAN

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Jun Mori