Impacts of heatwaves and cold spells on glaucoma in rural China: a national cross-sectional study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International · 18 authors, 10 centres

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TL;DR

Males and smokers showed higher susceptibility than females and nonsmokers, respectively.

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After adjusting for PM2.5 and other covariates, both heatwaves and cold spells were significantly associated with increased glaucoma prevalence, and the odds ratio for glaucoma increased with the intensity of heatwaves and cold spells. Subtype outcomes for PACG and POAG followed a similar pattern. Males and smokers exhibited higher susceptibility than females and nonsmokers, respectively. The study is limited by its cross-sectional design, which precludes causal inference, the use of average daily temperature rather than continuous monitoring data, and the lack of indoor temperature regulation assessment. Only PM2.5 was included among air pollutants.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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AI pipeline

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10097786

Impacts of heatwaves and cold spells on glaucoma in rural China: a national cross-sectional study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International

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ABSTRACT

Abstract China faces increasing health risks from climate change. The structure and function of the eye and vision were affected by extreme heat and cold. The study aimed to evaluate the impacts of heatwaves and cold spells on glaucoma. A national cross-sectional study of the Rural Epidemiology for Glaucoma (REG-China) was conducted in ten provinces of China, and 36,081 adults aged 40 years or more were included. Glaucoma signs were assessed via a standard examination. A total of 15 heatwave definitions, based on intensity (95th to 99th percentiles of temperature distribution) and duration (≥2 days, 3 days, and 4 days), were used to quantify heatwave effects, and 6 cold spell definitions were defined based on threshold temperature percentile (5th and 10th) and duration (3 days, 5 days, and 9 days). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models paired with interaction analysis were performed to investigate the impacts of heatwaves and cold spells on glaucoma, and the dose-response relationships were assessed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model. Subgroup analysis was conducted stratified by gender, age, smoking status, occupation, and family history of glaucoma. The overall prevalence of glaucoma was 2.1% (95% CI 1.94–2.25%). Higher heatwaves were significantly correlated with higher OR of glaucoma, with the OR (95% CI) ranging from 1.014 (1.009, 1.018) to 1.090 (1.065, 1.115) by different definitions. Glaucoma was affected by heatwaves more strongly than by cold spells. The effects of both heatwaves and cold spells were higher in males than females and in smokers than nonsmokers. These results of the present study evoked the attention of prospective research to elucidate the relationship between extreme temperatures and eye diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-023-25591-8. Keywords: Heatwaves, Cold spells, Glaucoma, PM 2.5 , PACG, Cross-sectional study

CITATION EXPORT

Ai Zhang, Qihua Wang, Xueli Yang et al.. Impacts of heatwaves and cold spells on glaucoma in rural China: a national cross-sectional study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25591-8

AUTHORS

18 · 10 CENTRES

Ai Zhang, Qihua Wang, Xueli Yang, Yuanyuan Liu, Jiayu He, Anqi Shan, Naixiu Sun, Qianfeng Liu, Baoqun Yao, Fengchao Liang, Ze Yang, Xiaochang Yan, Shaoye Bo, Yang Liu, Hongjun Mao, Xi Chen, Nai-jun Tang, Hua Yan

1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
3Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
4Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
5Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
6School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
7National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
8China Foundation for Disabled Persons, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
9Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
10School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China