Nutrients · 7 authors, 10 centres
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This cross-sectional study measured iodine concentrations in breast milk and urine of lactating women and breastfed infants in Taiwan. The median breast milk iodine concentration was sufficient for breastfed infants, although maternal urinary iodine concentration alone indicated maternal iodine insufficiency.
This cross-sectional study assessed iodine nutritional status in lactating women and breastfed infants in Taiwan using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to measure urinary iodine concentration (UIC), UIC adjusted by creatinine (UIC/Cr), estimated 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE), and breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC). The median BMIC was 166.6 μg/L, meeting the threshold of ≥100 μg/L for infant iodine sufficiency, while median UIC was 91.1 μg/L, below the sufficiency threshold. UIC/Cr and 24-h UIE showed better correlation with BMIC than UIC alone. Dairy product and multivitamin intake were independently associated with higher BMIC. Limitations include the single tertiary referral center setting, inability to measure infant UIC, reliance on food frequency questionnaire data, and no recording of sample collection timing relative to meals or breastfeeding.
