Lifestyle and body composition changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective, observational study

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia · 5 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

This retrospective observational study of 70 rheumatoid arthritis patients found that during COVID-19 behavioral restrictions, muscle mass and grip strength decreased while fat mass increased, and these changes were linked to decreased exercise.

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This retrospective, observational study analyzed 70 patients with rheumatoid arthritis from an existing cohort to assess changes in lifestyle and body composition during COVID-19 behavioral restrictions. Researchers measured grip strength and body composition (muscle mass, fat mass, basal metabolic rate) and used a visual analog scale to evaluate changes in activities of daily living (ADL) and exercise. Results showed statistically significant decreases in muscle mass and grip strength, and a significant increase in fat mass after behavioral restrictions. ADL decreased by a mean of 44% and exercise by a mean of 20%. Multivariate analysis identified the change in muscle mass as the only independent factor associated with the change in exercise. The findings suggest that maintenance of muscle mass through exercise may be important for rheumatoid arthritis patients during pandemics.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

rheumatology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10034844

Lifestyle and body composition changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective, observational study

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

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ABSTRACT

Objectives Behavioral restrictions and staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic have affected lifestyles. It was hypothesized that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) decreased their activities of daily living (ADL) and exercise during the pandemic. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in lifestyle and body composition. Methods Data were obtained from an observational study (CHIKARA study). Of 100 RA patients, 70 (57 women, 13 men) were followed-up with measurements of grip strength, as well as muscle mass, fat mass, and basal metabolic rate by a body composition analyzer. Changes in ADL and exercise were evaluated using a visual analog scale. The relationships between changes in ADL or exercise and body composition were investigated. Results Muscle mass and grip strength were significantly lower after behavioral restrictions compared to the periods before restrictions (34.0 vs 34.7 kg, P < 0.001; 16.2 vs 17.2 kg, P = 0.013, respectively). Fat mass was significantly greater after behavioral restrictions compared to the periods before restrictions (16.2 vs 15.5 kg, P = 0.014). The mean decrease in ADL was 44%, whereas that of exercise was 20%. The change in muscle mass ( β = −0.335, P = 0.007) was the only independent factor for the change in exercise on multivariate analysis. Conclusions Muscle mass and grip strength decreased and fat mass increased in RA patients with the behavioral restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Muscle mass decreased in patients without exercise. Maintenance of muscle mass may be important during the COVID-19 pandemic.

CITATION EXPORT

Masahiro Tada, Yutaro Yamada, Koji Mandai et al.. Lifestyle and body composition changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective, observational study. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2023.03.003

AUTHORS

5 · 5 CENTRES

Masahiro Tada, Yutaro Yamada, Koji Mandai, Yoshinari Matsumoto, Noriaki Hidaka

aDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22 Miyakojima-hondori, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka, 534-0021, Japan
bDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
cDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, 2-10-39 Shibata, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0012, Japan
dSearch Institute for Bone and Arthritis Disease (SINBAD), Shirahama Foundation for Health and Welfare, 1447 Shirahama-cho, Nishimuro-gun, Wakayama, 649-2211, Japan
eDepartment of Medical Nutrition, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Life Science, 3-3-138 Sugimoto-cho, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan