SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALpediatrics, neurology

cross-sectional·pediatrics, neurology, public health, pediatric ophthalmology·PMC10050449

Moderation of parental socioeconomic status on the relationship between birth health and developmental coordination disorder at early years

Frontiers in Pediatrics · 5 authors, 4 centres

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Moderation analyses using the PROCESS macro for SPSS with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals examined whether parental socioeconomic status variables (maternal education, maternal employment status, annual household income) moderated the relationships between birth health (birth length and birth weight) and the probability of DCD. The authors reported that maternal education (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6805, SE = 0.3371, p < 0.05) and maternal employment status (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6100, SE = 0.3059, p < 0.05) moderated the birth length–DCD relationship, while annual household income (unstandardized coefficient = −0.0043, SE = 0.0022, p < 0.05) moderated the birth weight–DCD relationship. Acknowledged limitations include the cross-sectional design precluding causal inference, up to 25% missing data on SES and birth health variables, unbalanced DCD and TD group sizes due to COVID-19 recruitment restrictions, and limited measurement of employment stability and educational categorization. The findings suggest family-SES contexts may shape birth-health associations with DCD risk in preschoolers.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

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pediatrics

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10050449

Moderation of parental socioeconomic status on the relationship between birth health and developmental coordination disorder at early years

Frontiers in Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective This study investigated whether parental SES moderates the effect of birth health on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in preschool children. Methods One hundred and twenty-two children aged 4 to 6 years were enrolled in the study. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children --2nd Edition (MABC-2) test was used to assess the motor coordination of children. They were preliminarily categorized into either the DCD (<=16th percentile, n = 23) or typically developing (TD) group (>16th percentile, n = 99) based on the testing results. All children in the DCD group were further confirmed to meet other diagnostic criteria of the DSM-V using the intellectual test and parental questionnaires. Moderation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS, and 95% confidence intervals with a bootstrap procedure were calculated to identify the significant moderating effect. Results Maternal education (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6805, SE = 0.3371, p < 0.05) and maternal employment status (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6100, SE = 0.3059, p < 0.05) were found to moderate the relationship between birth length and the probability of having DCD. Moreover, the relationship between birth weight and the probability of having DCD was moderated by the annual household income (unstandardized coefficient = −0.0043, SE = 0.0022, p < 0.05). Conclusion The lower maternal education level and maternal unemployment strengthened the negative relationship between birth length and the probability of having DCD. Additionally, the negative relationship between birth weight and the probability of having DCD was statistically significant in high annual household salaries. Keywords: developmental coordination disorder, family factors, child health, early childhood, moderation

CITATION EXPORT

Huynh-Truc Tran, Yu-Ting Tseng, Shuya Chen et al.. Moderation of parental socioeconomic status on the relationship between birth health and developmental coordination disorder at early years. Frontiers in Pediatrics. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1020428

AUTHORS

5 · 4 CENTRES

Huynh-Truc Tran, Yu-Ting Tseng, Shuya Chen, Sheng K Wu, Yao-Chuen Li

1Department of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
2Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
3Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
4Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan