New Materials Used for the Development of Anion-Selective Electrodes—A Review

Materials · 3 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes new materials, such as ionophores and nanocomposites, used to construct anion-selective electrodes over the past five years. It concludes that research is focused on developing ionophores for hydrophilic anions and improving electrode construction with composite materials to enhance performance.

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This narrative review examines new materials for anion-selective electrode development, focusing on two research directions: new ionophores and improved construction via solid contact materials. It describes research methods for electrode assessment, including calibration for limit of detection and measuring range, and selectivity testing via IUPAC-recommended separate solution and fixed interference methods. The review notes that ion exchange substances and sparingly soluble salts dominate as membrane active substances, while conductive polymers and nanomaterials are used as modifiers. The implications are that new materials have enabled electrodes with better performance and convenience, and future research may focus on ionophores for hydrophilic anions and nanocomposite materials.

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narrative_review

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research methods

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10488487

New Materials Used for the Development of Anion-Selective Electrodes—A Review

Materials

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ABSTRACT

Ion-selective electrodes are a popular analytical tool useful in the analysis of cations and anions in environmental, industrial and clinical samples. This paper presents an overview of new materials used for the preparation of anion-sensitive ion-selective electrodes during the last five years. Design variants of anion-sensitive electrodes, their advantages and disadvantages as well as research methods used to assess their parameters and analytical usefulness are presented. The work is divided into chapters according to the type of ion to which the electrode is selective. Characteristics of new ionophores used as the electroactive component of ion-sensitive membranes and other materials used to achieve improvement of sensor performance (e.g., nanomaterials, composite and hybrid materials) are presented. Analytical parameters of the electrodes presented in the paper are collected in tables, which allows for easy comparison of different variants of electrodes sensitive to the same ion.

CITATION EXPORT

Cecylia Wardak, Klaudia Morawska, Karolina Pietrzak. New Materials Used for the Development of Anion-Selective Electrodes—A Review. Materials. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175779

AUTHORS

3 · 2 CENTRES

Cecylia Wardak, Klaudia Morawska, Karolina Pietrzak

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; [email protected]
2Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; [email protected]

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Jinsheng Zhao, Zhenyu Yang