Life · 16 authors, 10 centres
This summary was generated by AI from a single paper. It has not been reviewed by a clinician and is not clinical advice. Verify against the source before acting on it.
This narrative review examines established and emerging biomarkers—including LDL-C, apoB, hs-CRP, IL-6, and PCSK9-related markers—for early identification of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. The review finds that apoB and the apoB/apoA-I ratio may offer superior predictive power for cardiovascular events compared to LDL-C alone.
This narrative review surveys established (LDL-C) and emerging (apoB, apoA-I, hs-CRP, IL-6, PCSK9) biomarkers for atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk. The authors summarize evidence from multiple study types: a 2011 meta-analysis of 12 epidemiological studies found apoB was the strongest predictor of CV events (mean RRR 1.34) compared to LDL-C (mean RRR 1.25). The AMORIS prospective study (175,553 patients, mean follow-up 66.8 months) showed apoB improved predictive power over LDL-C, particularly in individuals with low LDL-C. Randomized controlled trials (HUYGENS, n=161; PACMAN-AMI, n=300) demonstrated PCSK9 inhibitors promote plaque regression.
